Calculation method of the earth pressure for parallel pipe jacking with small spacing
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摘要: 小間距頂管過程中，由于管?管相互作用的影響，使得管周土壓力分布與單管頂進土壓力分布模式產生差異，從而造成小間距頂管荷載確定、結構計算及頂力估算與控制等設計施工難題。結合數值模擬反分析，基于太沙基土壓力理論和極限平衡理論，假設了土體松動線和上部既有頂管的支擋作用線，進一步構建了小間距平行頂管管道拱頂垂直土壓力的計算方法。基于構建的土壓力計算方法，分析了土體抗剪強度、管徑、管間距等對新建頂管拱頂土壓力的影響，并與不考慮既有頂管影響的土柱理論和太沙基理論計算值進行了對比。計算結果表明：土體抗剪強度越大，新建頂管拱頂垂直土壓力越大，而其側面的土壓力越小；抗剪強度較大時，新構建方法計算拱頂土壓力小于太沙基理論計算結果，抗剪強度較小時，新構建方法計算拱頂土壓力大于太沙基理論計算結果；頂管埋深增加時，新建頂管拱頂土壓力增加，相較于土柱理論和太沙基理論，新構建方法計算的新建頂管拱頂土壓力增量最小；隨著管間距增加，新建頂管拱頂土壓力越來越大。Abstract: With the increase in the urban underground buildings and the limitation of underground space, there are increasing double-line or even multi-line pipe jacking projects with small spacing. In the process of pipe jacking with small spacing, due to the influence of pipe-pipe interaction, the earth pressure distribution around the pipes changes greatly, which leads to difficulties in the load determination, structure calculation, and jacking force prediction and control. Combined with the back analysis of numerical simulation, based on Terzaghi’s theory of consolidation and limit equilibrium theory, the soil loosening line and the retaining line of the existing pipe are assumed, and a new calculation method of vertical earth pressure on the vault of parallel pipe jacking with small spacing is established. The effects of soil shear strength, pipe diameter, and pipe spacing on the earth pressure are analyzed, and the calculated earth pressure on the vault of the new pipe is compared with those calculated by the soil column theory and Terzaghi’s theory without considering the influence of the existing pipe. The results show that the vertical earth pressure of the new pipe jacking vault increases with the increase in the soil shear strength, but the earth pressure on both sides of the new pipe jacking decreases. When the shear strength is large, the earth pressure on the vault calculated by this method is smaller than that calculated by Terzaghi’s theory. When the shear strength is small, the earth pressure on the vault calculated by this method is larger than that calculated by Terzaghi’s theory. When the buried depth of the pipe increases, the earth pressure on the vault of the new pipe jacking increases, but compared with the soil column theory and Terzaghi’s theory, the earth pressure increment is smaller. With the increase of the spacing between the two pipes, the earth pressure on the vault of the new pipe jacking arch increases.
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圖 1 小間距平行頂管土壓力計算示意圖
Figure 1. Schematic of earth pressure calculation of parallel pipe jacking with small spacing
圖 2 數值模擬云圖。（a）豎向位移云圖；（b）豎向正應力云圖
Figure 2. Cloud images of (a) vertical displacement and (b) vertical normal stress from numerical simulation
圖 12 兩管不同排布情況下假設條件示意圖
Figure 12. Schematic of the assumed conditions in the different arrangement of the two pipes
表 1 數值模擬材料力學參數
Table 1. Mechanical parameters of the materials in numerical simulation
Cohesive forces
of soil/kPaInternal friction
angle of soil/(°)Unit weight
of soil/
(kN·m?3)Elastic modulus
of steel/PaPoisson’s ratio
of steelUnit weight
of steel/
(kN·m?3)5 30 19 2×1011 0.3 78 
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