磨礦和浮選過程中黃鐵礦電化學行為的研究進展

龔志輝; 戴惠新; 路夢雨; 武立偉; 趙可可

doi:10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2020.06.29.001

磨礦和浮選過程中黃鐵礦電化學行為的研究進展

doi: 10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2020.06.29.001

昆明理工大學國土資源工程學院，昆明 650093

基金項目: 國家自然科學基金資助項目（51764023）

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通訊作者:
E-mail：dhx6688@sina.cn

中圖分類號: TD952
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出版歷程
- 收稿日期: 2020-06-29
- 刊出日期: 2021-01-25

Research progress in the electrochemical behavior of pyrite during grinding and flotation

Faculty of Land Resource Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China

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Corresponding author: E-mail: dhx6688@sina.cn

摘要

摘要: 綜述了黃鐵礦在選礦過程中有關的電化學行為及工作機理，重點討論了黃鐵礦結構特性、溶液中氧化、金屬離子作用和抑制劑對黃鐵礦電化學行為的影響；此外，還討論了磨礦過程中電偶相互作用、研磨介質形狀、介質材料和研磨氣氛對研磨中黃鐵礦電化學行為的影響。其中黃鐵礦晶體結構的不同對黃鐵礦表面的氧化具有較大影響，從而間接的影響黃鐵礦的可浮性，半導體性質對黃鐵礦的導電率具有顯著的影響；同時適度的氧化有利于黃鐵礦的無捕收劑浮選，而強烈的還原電位或氧化電位會抑制黃鐵礦的浮選；電位的增加，對銅活化黃鐵礦有不利影響，主要原因是電位增加導致活化Cu⁺的濃度降低，同時黃鐵礦表面被鐵氧化物覆蓋阻礙了銅離子的吸附。抑制劑的加入可以直接參與捕收劑與黃鐵礦之間的氧化還原反應，從而抑制黃鐵礦的浮選；同時磨礦介質及氣氛條件的不同也會影響黃鐵礦電化學行為。
- 選礦 /
- 黃鐵礦 /
- 研磨 /
- 浮選 /
- 電化學
Abstract: Metal sulfides are highly desirable owing to their semiconductor properties promoting electrochemical reactions for sulfide flotation. As the most common sulfide mineral, pyrite is found in coal and can contain a small amount of gold. The potential of electrochemical reactions for the beneficiation of pyrite makes it necessary to study its electrochemical behavior. The present work focuses on the electrochemical behavior and working mechanisms of pyrite in mineral processing. The effects of the structural characteristics of pyrite, oxidation in solution, the presence of metal ions, and inhibitors on the electrochemical behavior of pyrite were discussed emphatically. The effects of galvanic interaction and grinding medium shape, material, and atmosphere on the electrochemistry of pyrite in grinding were also discussed. It has been shown that the different crystal structures and semiconductor properties of pyrite can greatly influence the oxidation of its surface, which indirectly affects its floatability. Moreover, moderate oxidation conditions are beneficial to the collector-free flotation of pyrite, whereas strong reduction or oxidation potentials inhibit its flotation. It has also been shown that increase in potential and iron oxide on the pyrite surface lead to the decrease in the concentration of copper (Cu⁺) ions, thereby adversely affecting the activation of pyrite by copper. Furthermore, inhibitors can directly participate in the redox reaction between the collector and pyrite, thus inhibiting the flotation of pyrite. Different grinding media and atmosphere conditions also affect the electrochemical behavior of pyrite.
- mineral processing /
- pyrite /
- grinding /
- flotation /
- electrochemical

HTML全文

圖 1 黃鐵礦空氣中氧化反應路線圖

Figure 1. Mechanisms of pyrite oxidation in air

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圖 2 25 ℃下FeS₂–H₂O體系E_h–pH圖

Figure 2. E_h–pH diagram for the FeS₂–H₂O system at 25 ℃

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圖 3 有機聚合物與黃鐵礦礦表面可能的相互作用機制：靜電吸附（1），疏水相互作用（2），氫鍵（3）和化學相互作用（4）

Figure 3. Possible interaction mechanisms of organic polymers with pyrite surface: electrochemical attraction (1), hydrophobic interaction (2), hydrogen bonding (3), and chemical interaction (4)

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