應變幅對H13熱作模具鋼等溫疲勞行為的影響

朱振強; 寧輝; 左鵬鵬; 吳曉春

doi:10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2020.04.01.003

應變幅對H13熱作模具鋼等溫疲勞行為的影響

doi: 10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2020.04.01.003

上海大學材料科學與工程學院，上海 200444

基金項目: 國家重點研發計劃資助項目（2016YFB0300400, 2016YFB0300404）

詳細信息

通訊作者:
E-mail: wuxiaochun@shu.edu.cn

中圖分類號: TG142.1
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出版歷程
- 收稿日期: 2020-04-01
- 刊出日期: 2021-05-25

Effect of strain amplitude on the isothermal fatigue behavior of H13 hot work die steel

School of Material Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai, Shanghai 200444, China

More Information

Corresponding author: E-mail: wuxiaochun@shu.edu.cn

摘要

摘要: 對H13熱作模具鋼試樣進行600 ℃等溫疲勞實驗，通過顯微維氏硬度計、金相顯微鏡（OM）、超景深顯微鏡和掃描電子顯微鏡（SEM）等設備研究了0.7%，0.9%和1.1%三種不同應變幅對疲勞行為的影響。結果表明：應力應變滯后回線呈現對稱性，應變幅越大，滯回環面積越大。H13鋼在實驗中呈現循環軟化的特征，應變幅越大，疲勞壽命越短，1.1%應變幅試樣壽命約為0.7%應變幅試樣的61.2%。應變幅的增加對裂紋萌生和擴展起促進作用，1.1%應變幅試樣裂紋擴展最明顯。高溫非真空實驗條件下，材料表面產生的氧化物也會促進裂紋擴展。疲勞后試樣微觀組織發生明顯的長大和粗化，較大應變幅對碳化物析出有更大的助力，還會加速材料軟化。有應變幅試樣顯微硬度遠低于無應變幅試樣。
- H13熱作模具鋼 /
- 等溫疲勞 /
- 疲勞行為 /
- 應變 /
- 碳化物
Abstract: Thermal fatigue cracking is the main failure mode of hot work die steel during die casting and hot forging. Thermal fatigue cracking accounts for a large proportion of mold failures and seriously affects the service life of the mold. Because of the high maintenance and replacement costs, thermal fatigue failure will cause substantial financial losses to the enterprise. Therefore, analyzing the fatigue behavior of hot work die steel at high temperatures is of significance in scientific research and engineering applications. H13 hot work die steel is widely used in die casting and hot forging because of its excellent high-temperature performance and toughness. In this study, a 600 ℃ isothermal fatigue test was conducted on H13 hot work die steel samples. The effect of three different strain amplitudes of 0.7%, 0.9%, and 1.1% on the isothermal fatigue behavior was analyzed using a micro Vickers hardness tester, metallographic microscope, microscope with a superwide depth of field, and scanning electron microscope. Results show that the stress–strain hysteresis loop is symmetric. The larger the strain amplitude is, the larger the area of the hysteresis loop. H13 hot work die steel exhibits the cyclic softening behavior during the experiment. The larger the strain amplitude, shorter is the fatigue life. The fatigue life of the sample with the strain amplitude of 1.1% is approximately 61.2% of that of the sample with the strain amplitude of 0.7%. The increase in the strain amplitude promotes the initiation and propagation of cracks, and the propagation of cracks on the sample with the strain amplitude of 1.1% is the most obvious. Under high-temperature and non-vacuum experimental conditions, oxide on the surface of the material promotes crack growth. The microstructure of the sample under isothermal fatigue grows and coarsens. The large strain amplitude not only supports carbide precipitation but also accelerates cyclic softening of the material. The microhardness of samples with strain amplitude is lower than that of samples without strain amplitude.
- H13 hot work die steel /
- isothermal fatigue /
- fatigue behavior /
- strain /
- carbide

HTML全文

圖 1 試樣尺寸與形狀^[3]

Figure 1. Size and shape of the specimen

A—axial datum; B—radial datum; R—radius; d—diameter

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圖 2 循環應力響應曲線

Figure 2. Cyclic stress response curves

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圖 3 應力–機械應變滯后回線。（a）Δε_m/2=1.1%；（b）Δε_m/2=0.9%；（c）Δε_m/2=0.7%

Figure 3. Stress–strain hysteresis loops: (a) Δε_m/2=1.1%; (b) Δε_m/2=0.9%; (c) Δε_m/2=0.7%

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圖 4 試樣表面裂紋形貌。（a）?ε_m/2=1.1%；（b）?ε_m/2=0.9%；（c）?ε_m/2=0.7%

Figure 4. Crack morphology of the specimen surface: (a) ?ε_m/2=1.1%; (b) ?ε_m/2=0.9%; (c) ?ε_m/2=0.7%

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圖 5 試樣表面氧化。（a）?ε_m/2=0.7%；（b）?ε_m/2=0.9%；（c）?ε_m/2=1.1%

Figure 5. Oxidation of the specimen surface: (a) ?ε_m/2=0.7%; (b) ?ε_m/2=0.9%; (c) ?ε_m/2=1.1%

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圖 6 疲勞前后組織。（a）淬回火試樣；（b）Δε_m/2=0.7%

Figure 6. Microstructure before and after isothermal fatigue: (a) specimen after quenching and tempering; (b) Δε_m/2 = 0.7%

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圖 7 不同應變幅和對應無應變幅疲勞組織。（a）Δε_m/2=0(18.6 h)；（b） Δε_m/2=0(13.1 h)；（c）Δε_m/2=0(11.4 h)；（d）Δε_m/2=0.7%(18.6 h)；（e）Δε_m/2=0.9%(13.1 h)；（f）Δε_m/2=1.1%(11.4 h)

Figure 7. Isothermal fatigue microstructure with and without strain amplitude: (a) Δε_m/2=0(18.6 h); (b) Δε_m/2=0(13.1 h); (c)Δε_m/2=0(11.4 h); (d) Δε_m/2=0.7%(18.6 h); (e) Δε_m/2=0.9%(13.1 h); (f) Δε_m/2=1.1%(11.4 h)

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圖 8 不同應變幅試樣碳化物數量和平均直徑

Figure 8. Number and average diameter of carbides in samples with different strain amplitudes

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圖 9 等溫疲勞試樣顯微硬度

Figure 9. Microhardness of isothermal fatigue specimen

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表 1 H13鋼化學成分（質量分數）

Table 1. Chemical composition of H13 hot work die steel %

C Si Mn Cr Mo V Ni P S Fe

0.38 0.95 0.35 5.33 1.41 0.99 0.15 0.010 0.002 Bal.

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259luxu-164

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