CO<sub>2</sub>作為RH提升氣的冶金反應行為研究

魏光升; 韓寶臣; 朱榮

doi:10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2019.06.30.001

CO₂作為RH提升氣的冶金反應行為研究

doi: 10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2019.06.30.001

魏光升^{1, 2},
韓寶臣¹,
朱榮^{1, 2, ,}

1.
北京科技大學冶金與生態工程學院，北京 100083
2.
高端金屬材料特種熔煉與制備北京市重點實驗室，北京 100083

基金項目: 中國博士后科學基金面上資助項目（2019M660459）；中央高校基本科研業務費資助項目（FRF-TP-19-031A1）

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E-mail：zhurong12001@126.com

中圖分類號: TF743
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出版歷程
- 收稿日期: 2019-06-30
- 刊出日期: 2020-02-01

Metallurgical reaction behavior of CO₂ as RH lifting gas

WEI Guang-sheng^{1, 2},
HAN Bao-chen¹,
ZHU Rong^{1, 2
, ,}

1.
School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
2.
Beijing Key Laboratory of Special Melting and Preparation of High-End Metal Materials, Beijing 100083, China

More Information

Corresponding author: E-mail: zhurong12001@126.com

摘要

摘要: 鋼液真空循環脫氣法（RH）精煉能夠利用高真空和鋼液循環流動有效脫氣和去除夾雜物。同時，煉鋼環境下 CO₂可與鋼液中[C]反應生成CO提高攪拌強度。因此，本文提出將CO₂作為RH提升氣進行真空精煉。針對CO₂在RH精煉過程的冶金反應行為特性，通過熱力學理論分析了極限真空條件下CO₂脫碳的有利條件及限度，同時搭建了CO₂作RH提升氣工業試驗平臺，通過工業試驗對比研究了CO₂/Ar分別作提升氣時對鋼液精煉過程的影響。結果表明，若單純考慮CO₂與碳反應，則當鋼液中[C]低于1.8×10^?6，CO₂仍然具有氧化碳元素的能力。然而，CO₂對鋼液中碳鋁元素存在選擇性氧化，當鋁含量低于一定程度時，CO₂主要參與脫碳反應；反之，CO₂則會造成一定鋁損，因此若采用新工藝需考慮鋁合金加入時機以及加入量。此外，CO₂用作RH提升氣可獲得與Ar效果相當甚至更優的脫氫效果，噴吹同等量CO₂并未造成鋼液的大幅溫降，因此CO₂完全有潛力作為RH提升氣，進而完成精煉。
- 二氧化碳 /
- RH精煉 /
- 脫碳反應 /
- 脫氫效果 /
- 鋼液溫降
Abstract: Developing new technologies that can utilize CO₂ as a resource or reduce CO₂ emission is an urgent need in the iron and steel industry. The Ruhrstahl-Heraeus (RH) refining process can effectively remove gas and inclusions from molten steel by applying a high vacuum and intense circulation flow of the molten steel. Meanwhile, at the steelmaking temperature, CO₂ can react with carbon in the molten steel to generate CO bubbles, and this enhances the molten bath stirring strength. Therefore, a technology involving the use of CO₂ as the lifting gas in RH refining was proposed. To study the applicability of CO₂ in RH refining, the favorable conditions and limits of CO₂ decarburization under vacuum conditions were analyzed through thermodynamics. Meanwhile, an industrial test platform for CO₂ as RH lifting gas was set up, and the effects of CO₂/Ar as lifting gas on the refining process of molten steel were comparatively studied through industrial tests. The results show that if only the reaction between CO₂ and carbon is considered, CO₂ can still oxidize carbon elements when the carbon content is less than 1.8×10^?6. However, CO₂ selectively oxidizes carbon and aluminum in molten steel. When the aluminum content is below a certain level, CO₂ mainly participates in a decarburization reaction; otherwise, CO₂ will cause certain aluminum loss. Therefore, if the new process is adopted, the timing and amount of aluminum alloy addition should be considered. In addition, CO₂ can be used as RH lifting gas to obtain a dehydrogenation effect equivalent to or even better than that of Ar. Meanwhile, injecting the same amount of CO₂ did not cause a large temperature drop of molten steel; therefore, CO₂ has the potential to be used as RH lifting gas to complete refining.
- carbon dioxide /
- RH refining /
- decarburization reaction /
- dehydrogenation effect /
- temperature drop

HTML全文

圖 1 不同溫度下CO₂與元素反應標準吉布斯自由能^[6-7]

Figure 1. Standard Gibbs free energy for reactions of elements with CO₂ at different temperatures in steel^[6-7]

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圖 2 鋼液平衡碳含量與CO分壓的關系曲線

Figure 2. Changes of carbon content at equilibrium as function of the partial pressure of CO in bubbles

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圖 3 工業試驗設備

Figure 3. Test equipment in industrial application

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圖 4 碳鋁元素的平均氧化量

Figure 4. Oxidation amount of carbon and aluminum in molten steel

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圖 5 脫氫率

Figure 5. Dehydrogenation ratio

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圖 6 鋼液平均溫降

Figure 6. Average temperature drop of molten steel

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表 1 鋼液進站成分（質量分數）

Table 1. Steel composition of ladle pulling in RH %

鋼種 C Al O Si Mn P S Ni Cr

A 0.1280 0.0428 0.0040 0.2020 1.4314 0.0138 0.0041 0.0282 0.0400
B 0.1310 0.0210 0.0050 0.2436 1.2955 0.0147 0.0053 0.0186 0.0310

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表 2 氣體控制策略及試驗方案

Table 2. Gas control strategy and test schemes

方案鋼種提升氣流量（標態）/
（m³·h^?1）處理時間/
min 真空度/
Pa 爐數

1 A Ar 100 18 67 10
2 A CO₂ 100 18 67 10
3 B CO₂ 100 18 67 10

下載: 導出CSV

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