煤層深孔聚能爆破有效致裂范圍探討

郭德勇; 趙杰超; 呂鵬飛; 朱同功

doi:10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2019.05.004

煤層深孔聚能爆破有效致裂范圍探討

doi: 10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2019.05.004

1.
中國礦業大學(北京)應急管理與安全工程學院, 北京 100083
2.
平頂山天安煤業股份有限公司十礦, 平頂山 467000

基金項目:

國家自然科學基金重點資助項目 41430640

國家自然科學基金聯合基金重點資助項目 U1704242

詳細信息

通訊作者:
郭德勇, E-mail: kjkfg@cumtb.edu.cn

中圖分類號: TD712
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- 被引次數: 0
出版歷程
- 收稿日期: 2018-12-12
- 刊出日期: 2019-05-01

Effective fracture zone under deep-hole cumulative blasting in coal seam

1.
School of Emergency Management and Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
2.
No. 10 Mine, Pingdingshan Tianan Coal Mining Co., Ltd., Pingdingshan 467000, China

More Information

Corresponding author: GUO De-yong, E-mail: kjkfg@cumtb.edu.cn

摘要

摘要: 在對煤層深孔聚能爆破致裂分區研究的基礎上, 針對聚能爆破煤層裂隙擴展特征及范圍進行了數值模擬研究.結果表明, 炮孔周圍可劃分為爆破壓碎區、爆破裂隙區和彈性變形區, 根據裂隙類型及裂隙數目的差異, 爆破裂隙區又可劃分為裂隙密集區和主裂隙擴展區.受聚能裝藥結構的影響, 壓碎區的范圍呈聚能罩開口方向小于其他方向的類橢圓狀; 裂隙密集區和主裂隙擴展區的范圍均呈聚能罩開口方向大于其他方向的類橢圓狀.煤層深孔聚能爆破致裂增透工程試驗發現, 隨著遠離炮孔, 各個觀察孔內瓦斯體積分數增幅受聚能爆破的影響呈"強-中-弱"階梯狀變化, 與所構建的聚能爆破致裂分區模型比較一致, 即聚能爆破載荷下煤層裂隙具有明顯的分區特征, 壓碎區、裂隙密集區和主裂隙擴展區組成了煤層深孔聚能爆破的有效致裂范圍.
- 煤層增透 /
- 聚能爆破 /
- 裂隙擴展 /
- 致裂范圍 /
- 瓦斯抽采
Abstract: Deep-hole directional cumulative-blasting cracking technology has unique advantages for improving coal seam permeability. This paper was concerned with the range of the effective fracture zone under cumulative blasting using a linear-shaped charge in a coal seam. Based on the analysis of the mechanism of the directional cumulative-blasting in coal seams, the response characteristics of the coal under the coupled effects of the blasting-induced shock wave, stress wave, detonation gas and the energy-cumulative effect, and the partition characteristics of the crack in the cumulative-blasting-affected area were studied by theoretical analysis; moreover, a numerical analysis model of cumulative blasting was established, and the propagation distribution characteristics and range of coal seam fracture under cumulative blasting were investigated through numerical simulation. The results of the theoretical analysis and simulation show that the cumulative-blasting-affected area can be divided into crushed, crack, and elastic-deformation zones; further, the crack zone can be divided into crack-intensive and main crack-propagation zones according to the type and number of cracks. Additionally, a partition model for the influence of deep-hole cumulative blasting with linear-shaped charge in coal seams was constructed. Meanwhile, under the influence of the shaped-charge structure, the crushed zone has an oval-like shape with a small radius in the direction of the shaped-charge jet, while the crack-intensive and main crack-propagation zones have oval-like shapes with a larger radius in the direction of the shaped-charge jet. In addition, field experiments of deep-hole cumulative blasting with linear-shaped charge in coal seams were carried out and the experimental results show that the influence of the cumulative blasting on the increase of the coal-seam-gas volume fraction in each observation hole weakened in a step-wise manner (strong-medium-weak) with increasing distance from the blasting borehole; this is consistent with the partition model of the constructed cumulative blasting, i.e., the cumulative-blasting-affected area has certain zoning characteristics, and the crushed, crack-intensive, and main crack-propagation zones are the main components of the effective fracture zone.
- seam permeability improved /
- cumulative blasting /
- crack propagation /
- cracking zone /
- coal-seam-gas drainage

HTML全文

圖 1 煤體聚能爆破致裂力學模型

Figure 1. Mechanical model of cumulative blasting with shaped charge in a coal seam

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圖 2 煤層聚能爆破數值模擬模型

Figure 2. Numerical model of cumulative blasting with shaped charge in a coal seam

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圖 3 聚能爆破載荷下煤體裂隙擴展過程. (a) t=110 μs; (b) t=328 μs; (c) t=2694 μs; (d) t=4000 μs

Figure 3. Coal crack propagation under cumulative blasting: (a) t=110 μs; (b) t=328 μs; (c) t=2694 μs; (d) t=4000 μs

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圖 4 煤體聚能爆破裂隙擴展特征

Figure 4. Propagation characteristics of cracks around blasting borehole

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圖 5 聚能爆破煤體致裂分區模型(①炮孔; ②壓碎區; ③侵徹槽; ④裂隙密集區; ⑤主裂隙擴展區; ⑥彈性變形區)

Figure 5. Partition characteristic of the failure zone around a contained shaped-charge explosion in a coal seam (①blasting borehole; ②crushed zone; ③penetration slot; ④crack-intensive zone; ⑤main crack propagation zone; ⑥elastic deformation zone)

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圖 6 煤層深孔聚能爆破增透試驗鉆孔布置. (a) 模式Ⅰ; (b) 模式Ⅱ

Figure 6. Layout of boreholes for deep-hole cumulative basting test in a coal seam: (a) model Ⅰ; (b) model Ⅱ

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圖 7 試驗期間各個觀察孔內平均瓦斯體積分數的對比圖. (a) 模式Ⅰ; (b) 模式Ⅱ

Figure 7. Comparison of average gas volume fractions of the holes in the investigated area during the cumulative blasting tests: (a) model Ⅰ; (b) model Ⅱ

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