變極性電弧焊接的電流換向過程影響因素試驗研究

朱志明; 符平坡; 楊中宇; 夏鑄亮; 程世佳

doi:10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2019.04.011

變極性電弧焊接的電流換向過程影響因素試驗研究

doi: 10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2019.04.011

清華大學機械工程系先進成形制造教育部重點實驗室，北京 100084

基金項目:

國家自然科學基金面上資助項目 51775301

詳細信息

通訊作者:
朱志明, E-mail: zzmdme@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn

中圖分類號: TG434.2
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出版歷程
- 收稿日期: 2018-07-25
- 刊出日期: 2019-04-15

Experimental research on factors influencing the current commutation process of variable-polarity arc welding

Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing Technology (Ministry of Education of China), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China

More Information

Corresponding author: ZHU Zhi-ming, E-mail:zzmdme@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn

摘要

摘要: 采用基于反向再燃弧電壓產生電路的變極性焊接電源為試驗平臺，研究了電源設備及其控制參數、焊接回路電纜寄生電感和焊接工藝參數對變極性焊接電流換向過程的影響規律. 試驗結果表明，提高反向再燃弧電壓值能夠提升變極性過程的電流變化速率，而較大的焊接回路電纜寄生電感會降低電流變化速率，同時降低變極性結束時的電流值，不利于變極性過程的電弧可靠再引燃和穩定燃燒. 初始焊接電流越小，則變極性過程結束時的電流值越小，增加共同導通時間可以提高變極性結束時的電流值，但同時降低變極性開始時的電流大小. 因此小電流變極性焊接時可采用較大的反向穩壓值并適當增加共同導通時間，以增強變極性過程中的電弧穩定性.
- 變極性電弧焊接 /
- 反向再燃弧電壓 /
- 寄生電感 /
- 共同導通時間 /
- 電流變化速率
Abstract: In the current inversion process of variable-polarity arc welding of aluminum alloy, drastic changes in electron and ion concentrations in arc space may lead to the failure of current commutation and arc reignition, thus affecting the arc burning stability and weld formation quality. The novel reverse arc reignition voltage-generating circuit will produce a stable reverse voltage during the current polarity inversion process. In this circuit, the value of the reverse voltage remains unchanged with the variation in the base welding current, and thus can better meet the requirement of reverse arc reignition voltage for current inversion. Through the use of the variablepolarity welding power supply with novel reverse arc reignition voltage-generating circuit as the experimental platform, the influence of the power equipment and its control parameters, the parasitic inductance of the cable in the output welding loop, and the welding process parameters on the current commutation process of variable-polarity arc welding was investigated. The experimental results show that increasing the value of the reverse arc reignition voltage can increase the current variation rate in the polarity inversion process. Contrastingly, a large parasitic inductance of the cable in the output welding loop will reduce the current variation rate and the current value at the end of the polarity inversion process, which is detrimental by the reliable arc reignition and stable arc burning in the polarity inversion process. The lower the initial welding current is, the lower the current value at the end of the polarity inversion process. Increasing the common conduction time can increase the current value at the end of the polarity inversion process, but decrease the current value at the beginning of this process. Therefore, to improve the arc stability in the polarity inversion process, a large value of the reverse arc reignition voltage and an appropriate increase in common conduction time can be used in low-current variable-polarity welding. All of the conclusions previously presented can provide reference and basis for the selection and adjustmentof the power equipment and its control parameters for variable-polarity arc welding under various process parameters.
- variable-polarity arc welding /
- reverse arc reignition voltage /
- parasitic inductance /
- common conduction time /
- current variation rate

HTML全文

圖 1 變極性焊接電源二次逆變及反向再燃弧電壓產生電路

Figure 1. Circuit of second inverting and reverse arc reignition voltagegenerating circuits for the variable-polarity welding power source

下載: 全尺寸圖片幻燈片

圖 2 變極性焊接電源的輸出電流換向過程控制策略

Figure 2. Control strategy of the output current commutation process for the variable-polarity welding power source

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圖 3 U_r－a對直流正接到直流反接電流換向過程的影響. (a) 焊接電流; (b) 電弧電壓; (c) 電源輸出電壓

Figure 3. Influence of U_r－a on the current commutation process from DCEN to DCEP: (a) welding current; (b) arc voltage; (c) output voltage of the power source

下載: 全尺寸圖片幻燈片

圖 4 U_r-a對直流反接到直流正接電流換向過程的影響. (a) 焊接電流; (b) 電弧電壓; (c) 電源輸出電壓

Figure 4. Influence of U_r-a on the current commutation process from DCEP to DCEN: (a) welding current; (b) arc voltage; (c) output voltage of the power source

下載: 全尺寸圖片幻燈片

圖 5 寄生電感對直流正接到直流反接電流換向過程的影響. (a) 焊接電流; (b) 電源輸出電壓

Figure 5. Influence of parasitic inductance on the current commutation process from DCEN to DCEP: (a) welding current; (b) output voltage of the power source

下載: 全尺寸圖片幻燈片

圖 6 電弧長度對直流正接到直流反接電流換向過程的影響. (a) 焊接電流; (b) 電源輸出電壓

Figure 6. Influence of arc length on the current commutation process from DCEN to DCEP: (a) welding current; (b) output voltage of the power source

下載: 全尺寸圖片幻燈片

圖 7 焊接電流對直流正接到直流反接電流換向過程的影響. (a) 焊接電流; (b) 電源輸出電壓

Figure 7. Influence of welding current on the current commutation process from DCEN to DCEP: (a) welding current; (b) output voltage of the power source

下載: 全尺寸圖片幻燈片

圖 8 共同導通時間對直流正接到直流反接電流換向過程的影響. (a) 焊接電流; (b) 電源輸出電壓

Figure 8. Influence of common conduction time on the current commutation process from DCEN to DCEP: (a) welding current; (b) output voltage of the power source

下載: 全尺寸圖片幻燈片

表 1 變極性電弧焊接試驗參數

Table 1. Experimental parameters of variable-polarity arc welding

試驗編號	焊接電流/A	反向電壓/V	電纜長度/m	從直流反接到直流正接時間/μs	從直流正接到直流反接時間/μs	電弧長度/mm
1	100	400	7	1	1	4
2	100	400	7	60	60	4
3	50	400	7	1	1	4
4	100	400	7	1	1	8
5	100	400	13	1	1	4
6	100	200	7	1	1	4

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