38MnB5熱成形鋼高溫變形行為及本構方程

林利; 李寶順; 朱國明; 康永林; 劉仁東

doi:10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2019.04.007

38MnB5熱成形鋼高溫變形行為及本構方程

doi: 10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2019.04.007

林利^{1, 2},
李寶順¹,
朱國明^1, ,,
康永林¹,
劉仁東²

1.
北京科技大學材料科學與工程學院, 北京 100083
2.
鞍鋼股份有限公司技術中心, 鞍山 114009

基金項目:

國家自然科學基金資助項目 U1460101

詳細信息

通訊作者:
朱國明, E-mail: zhuguoming@ustb.edu.cn

中圖分類號: TG142.1
計量
- 文章訪問數: 1236
- HTML全文瀏覽量: 537
- PDF下載量: 41
- 被引次數: 0
出版歷程
- 收稿日期: 2018-04-13
- 刊出日期: 2019-04-15

High-temperature deformation behavior and constitutive relationship of press-hardening steel 38MnB5

1.
School of Material Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
2.
Ansteel Technology Center, Anshan 114009, China

More Information

Corresponding author: ZHU Guo-ming, E-mail:zhuguoming@ustb.edu.cn

摘要

摘要: 利用Gleeble-3500熱模擬試驗機對38MnB5熱成形鋼的高溫變形行為進行研究, 分別在650~950℃溫度區間內, 以0.01、0.1、1和10 s^-1的應變速率對其進行等溫單向拉伸測試, 并得到相應條件下的真應力-應變曲線.結果表明: 38MnB5熱成形鋼流變應力隨著變形溫度的升高而減小, 隨著應變速率的增大而增大.當應變速率逐漸增加時, 熱變形時發生的動態回復和動態再結晶效果并不顯著, 而當溫度逐漸升高時, 二者作用逐漸加強.考慮了溫度、應變速率和應變的綜合復雜影響, 建立38MnB5熱成形鋼高溫下的本構方程.此本構方程通過對流變應力、應變、應變速率等實驗數據的回歸分析, 得到與變形溫度、應變速率和應變相關的材料參數多項式.計算結果與實驗結果對比發現, 通過本構方程所獲得的計算值與試驗值吻合良好.
- 熱成形鋼 /
- 流變行為 /
- 本構方程 /
- Arrhenius模型 /
- 拉伸測試
Abstract: With the rapid development of global economy, problems in energy production and environmental protection are becoming severe, and the automotive industry is under increasing pressure to reduce the weight of vehicles and improve crash performance. Due to the demand for reduced vehicle weight as well as improved safety and crashworthiness, hot-stamped components from ultra-high strength steels have been utilized for automobile manufacturing. Currently, the most widely used hot-stamped steel plate is 22MnB5. Its tensile strength is 1500 MPa and yield strength is 1200 MPa. In contrast, as the demands for steel strength have increased, the demand for high strength grades of steel has been quickly put on the production agenda. In recent years, a novel hot-stamped steel, 38MnB5 has been developed, with a tensile strength exceeding 2000 MPa. The high temperature deformation behavior of 38MnB5 steel was investigated by the Gleeble-3500 thermal-mechanical simulator. The isothermal uniaxial tensile tests of the steel were performed within deformation temperature range of 650-950℃ under strain rates of 0. 01, 0. 1, 1, and 10 s^-1, and the typical true stress-strain curves of 38MnB5 at relative conditions were analyzed. The experimental results show that the flow stress rises with decreasing deformation temperature under the same strain rate, and with an increasing strain rate. When the strain rate gradually increased, dynamic recovery and dynamical recrystallization exhibited an apparent effect on the hot deformation process, while the inconspicuous impact receded with rising temperature. In consideration of the multiple influences on deformation temperature, strain rate and strain, a phenomenological, constitutive relationship was developed to depict the hot deformation process of 38MnB5. In the established equation, the material constants dependent on the deformation temperature, strain rate, and strain were obtained using regression analysis of the experimental data for flow stress, strain, strain rate, etc. The comparison between the calculated data and the experimental data show that the calculated data derived from the constitutive models are found to be in satisfactory agreement with the experimental results.
- hot stamped steel /
- flow behavior /
- constitutive relationship /
- Arrhenius model /
- tensile testing

HTML全文

圖 1 熱沖壓試驗機模具

Figure 1. Mold for hot stamping

下載: 全尺寸圖片幻燈片

圖 2 等溫單向拉伸測試的試樣形狀和尺寸(單位: mm)

Figure 2. Shape and dimension of the isothermal uniaxial tensile testing (unit: mm)

下載: 全尺寸圖片幻燈片

圖 3 試驗方案

Figure 3. Testing procedure

下載: 全尺寸圖片幻燈片

圖 4 試驗鋼熱沖壓前后應力-應變曲線

Figure 4. Stress-strain curves of investigated steel before and after hot-stamping

下載: 全尺寸圖片幻燈片

圖 5 不同溫度下試樣的真應力-應變曲線. (a) 650℃; (b) 750℃; (c) 850℃; (d) 950℃

Figure 5. True stress-strain curves of specimens at different temperatures: (a) 650℃; (b) 750℃; (c) 850℃; (d) 950℃

下載: 全尺寸圖片幻燈片

圖 6 變形溫度為850℃時不同應變速率下的微觀組織. (a) 0.01 s^-1; (b) 0.1 s^-1; (c) 1 s^-1; (d) 10 s^-1

Figure 6. Microstructures at different strain rates with deformation temperature of 850℃: (a) 0.01 s^-1; (b) 0.1 s^-1; (c) 1 s^-1; (d) 10 s^-1

下載: 全尺寸圖片幻燈片

圖 7 應變速率為1 s^-1時不同變形溫度下的微觀組織. (a) 650℃; (b) 750℃; (c) 850℃; (d) 950℃

Figure 7. Microstructures at different deformation temperatures with strain rate of 1 s^-1: (a) 650℃; (b) 750℃; (c) 850℃; (d) 950℃

下載: 全尺寸圖片幻燈片

圖 8 lnσ與${\rm{ln}}\dot \varepsilon $的關系曲線

Figure 8. lnσ versus ${\rm{ln}}\dot \varepsilon $curves

下載: 全尺寸圖片幻燈片

圖 9 σ與${\rm{ln}}\dot \varepsilon $的關系曲線

Figure 9. σ versus ${\rm{ln}}\dot \varepsilon $curves

下載: 全尺寸圖片幻燈片

圖 10 ln[sinh(ασ)]與${\rm{ln}}\dot \varepsilon $的關系曲線

Figure 10. ln[sinh(ασ)] versus ${\rm{ln}}\dot \varepsilon $ curves

下載: 全尺寸圖片幻燈片

圖 11 ln[sinh(ασ)]與1/T的關系曲線

Figure 11. ln[sinh(ασ)]versus 1/T curves

下載: 全尺寸圖片幻燈片

圖 12 系數與應變之間的關系. (a) n₁; (b) β; (c) n; (d) Q; (e) lnA

Figure 12. Relationships between coefficients and strain: (a) n₁; (b) β; (c) n; (d) Q; (e) lnA

下載: 全尺寸圖片幻燈片

圖 13 不同溫度時真應力-應變曲線的計算值和試驗值. (a) 650℃; (b) 750℃; (c) 850℃; (d) 950℃

Figure 13. True stress-strain curves of computational results and experimental results at different temperatures: (a) 650℃; (b) 750℃; (c) 850℃; (d) 950℃

下載: 全尺寸圖片幻燈片

表 1 試驗鋼化學成分(質量分數)

Table 1. Chemical composition of the investigated steel?%

鋼種	C	Si	Mn	Cr	Mo	B	P	CE
38MnB5	0.36	0.25	1.21	0.27	0.16	0.005	0.008	0.68

下載: 導出CSV

表 2 試驗鋼室溫拉伸性能

Table 2. Tensile properties of investigated steel at room temperature

鋼種	試樣狀態	屈服強度/MPa	抗拉強度/MPa	伸長率/%
38MnB5	熱軋態	612	857	10.5
38MnB5	熱沖壓	1316	2011	6.0

下載: 導出CSV

表 3 不同應變所對應的材料系數n₁、β、n、Q和lnA

Table 3. Coefficients n₁, β, n, Q, and lnA at different strain

ε	n₁	β	n	Q	lnA
0.02	13.2912	0.0823	9.9357	370003.88	39.6479
0.05	12.4653	0.0664	9.2853	360369.29	38.1224
0. 08	12. 0457	0. 0598	8. 9495	360970. 10	38. 0160
0.10	11.9214	0.0578	8.8580	361694.89	38.0206
0.12	11.9951	0.0567	8.9115	357087.89	37.5571
0.14	12.1007	0.0566	8.9964	253567.64	37.1852

下載: 導出CSV

259luxu-164

參考文獻(21)

[1]	Ma N, Hu P, Yan K K, et al. Research on boron steel for hot forming and its application. J Mech Eng, 2010, 46(14): 68 https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JXXB201014013.htm 馬寧, 胡平, 閆康康, 等. 高強度硼鋼熱成形技術研究及其應用. 機械工程學報, 2010, 46(14): 68 https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JXXB201014013.htm
[2]	Merklein M, Lechler J. Investigation of the thermo-mechanical properties of hot stamping steels. J Mater Process Technol, 2006, 177(1-3): 452 doi: 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2006.03.233
[3]	Naderi M, Durrenberger L, Molinari A, et al. Constitutive relationships for 22MnB5 boron steel deformed isothermally at high temperatures. Mater Sci Eng A, 2008, 478(1-2): 130 doi: 10.1016/j.msea.2007.05.094
[4]	Ma N, Hu P, Wu W H, et al. Constitutive theory and experiment analysis of hot forming for high strength steel. Chin J Theor Appl Mech, 2011, 43(2): 346 https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-LXXB201102013.htm 馬寧, 胡平, 武文華, 等. 高強度鋼板熱成形本構理論與實驗分析. 力學學報, 2011, 43(2): 346 https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-LXXB201102013.htm
[5]	Murty S V S N, Sarkar A, Narayanan P R, et al. Development of processing maps and constitutive relationship for thermomechanical processing of aluminum alloy AA2219. J Mater Eng Perform, 2017, 26(5): 2190 doi: 10.1007/s11665-017-2669-8
[6]	Chu Y D, Li J S, Zhao F T, et al. Flow behavior and constitutive relationship for elevated temperature compressive deformation of a high Nb containing TiAl alloy with (α₂+γ) microstructure. Mater Lett, 2018, 210: 58 doi: 10.1016/j.matlet.2017.08.131
[7]	Shi B D, Peng Y, Yang C, et al. Loading path dependent distortional hardening of Mg alloys: experimental investigation and constitutive modeling. Int J Plast, 2017, 90: 76 doi: 10.1016/j.ijplas.2016.12.006
[8]	Li H P, He L F, Zhao G Q, et al. Constitutive relationships of hot stamping boron steel B1500HS based on the modified Arrhenius and Johnson-Cook model. Mater Sci Eng A, 2013, 580: 330 doi: 10.1016/j.msea.2013.05.023
[9]	Taylor T, Fourlaris G, Evans P, et al. New generation ultrahigh strength boron steel for automotive hot stamping technologies. Mater Sci Technol, 2014, 30(7): 818 doi: 10.1179/1743284713Y.0000000409
[10]	Taylor T, Danks S, Fourlaris G. Dynamic tensile testing of ultrahigh strength hot stamped martensitic steels. Steel Res Int, 2017, 88(3): 1600144 doi: 10.1002/srin.201600144
[11]	Gladman T. Grain refinement in multiple microalloyed steels. HSLA Steels. Warrendale, 1992: 3
[12]	Zhang S Q, Feng D, Zhang Y, et al. Hot deformation behavior and constitutive model of advanced ultra-high strength hot stamping steel. J Mater Eng, 2016, 44(5): 15 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-1433.2016.05.004 張施琦, 馮定, 張躍, 等. 新型超高強度熱沖壓用鋼的熱變形行為及本構關系. 材料工程, 2016, 44(5): 15 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-1433.2016.05.004
[13]	Qi M J, Zhang X B, Song K X, et al. Deformation behavior and constitutive equation of 35MnB steel at high temperature. J Plast Eng, 2017, 24(2): 168 https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SXGC201702028.htm 齊敏杰, 張學賓, 宋克興, 等. 35MnB鋼高溫變形行為及本構方程. 塑性工程學報, 2017, 24(2): 168 https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SXGC201702028.htm
[14]	Li G C, Deng T, Lu R Z. Experimental research on hot deformation behavior of ultra strength steel and simulation analysis of the constitutive relationship. Forg Stamp Technol, 2016, 41(3): 110 https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DYJE201603026.htm 李國城, 鄧濤, 盧任之. 超高強度鋼板熱流變行為試驗研究及本構模型仿真分析. 鍛壓技術, 2016, 41(3): 110 https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DYJE201603026.htm
[15]	Johnson G R, Holmquist T J. Evaluation of cylinder-impact test data for constitutive model constants. J Appl Phys, 1988, 64(8): 3901 doi: 10.1063/1.341344
[16]	Zhao Y H, Sun J, Li J F, et al. A comparative study on Johnson-Cook and modified Johnson-Cook constitutive material model to predict the dynamic behavior laser additive manufacturing FeCr alloy. J Alloys Compd, 2017, 723: 179 doi: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.06.251
[17]	Lin Y C, Chen X M. A combined Johnson-Cook and Zerilli-Armstrong model for hot compressed typical high-strength alloy steel. Comput Mater Sci, 2010, 49(3): 628 doi: 10.1016/j.commatsci.2010.06.004
[18]	Li Z Z, Wang B F, Zhao S T, et al. Dynamic deformation and failure of ultrafine-grained titanium. Acta Mater, 2017, 125: 210 doi: 10.1016/j.actamat.2016.11.041
[19]	He S, Li C S, Huang Z Y, et al. A modified constitutive model based on Arrhenius-type equation to predict the flow behavior of Fe-36% Ni Invar alloy. J Mater Res, 2017, 32(20): 3831 doi: 10.1557/jmr.2017.259
[20]	Cai J, Wang K S, Han Y Y. A comparative study on Johnson Cook, modified Zerilli-Armstrong and Arrhenius-Type constitutive models to predict high-temperature flow behavior of Ti-6Al-4V alloy in α+β phase. High Temp Mater Processes, 2016, 35(3): 297 doi: 10.1515/htmp-2014-0157
[21]	Wang Q L, Tang B T, Zheng W. A modified Norton-Hoff constitutive model and experimental verification. China Mech Eng, 2015, 26(14): 1978 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2015.14.023 王巧玲, 唐炳濤, 鄭偉. 一種修正的Norton-Hoff本構模型及實驗驗證. 中國機械工程, 2015, 26(14): 1978 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2015.14.023