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摘要: 碘化鉛是有機無機雜化鈣鈦礦太陽能電池的關鍵原料, 其使用方法為溶解在二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)中然后制成膜.碘化鉛在DMF中的溶解性對電池器件的性能有重要影響.本文經實驗判斷, 造成碘化鉛在DMF中溶解性差的原因是H2O、PbO、PbO2等氧化物在碘化鉛晶體表面形成氧化物薄膜, 阻礙其溶解.在一定范圍內, 碘化鉛在DMF中溶解性取決于碘化鉛合成過程中反應溶液的pH值.經過掃描電鏡、X射線衍射、X射線光電子能譜等分析檢測, 確定有機無機雜化鈣鈦礦太陽能電池用碘化鉛最佳合成pH值為2;且在一定范圍內反應溶液pH值、滴速和溶液濃度不會影響碘化鉛的微觀形貌及其在DMF中的溶解性; 同時發現重結晶、熱反應以及慢滴速反應條件會使碘化鉛樣品在(001)面擇優生長.Abstract: Solar energy is an ideal renewable energy, and how to use solar energy efficiently is a hot topic for many researchers. So far, the development of solar cells has gone through three generations. The first generation used crystalline silicon cells; the second generation used thin-filmsolar cells. At present, the third generation utilizes new-type solar cells. As a part of the third-generation solar cells, perovskite solar cells have developed rapidly in recent years, making thema subject of a very vital research area. Lead iodide is a key raw material for organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells, and it is used by dissolving in dimethylformamide(DMF), thereby forming a film. Experimental results show that the reason for poor solubility of lead iodide in DMF is that oxides, such as H2O, PbO, and PbO2, tend to formoxide films on the surface of lead iodide crystals, which hinder its dissolution. Within a certain range, the solubility of lead iodide in DMF depends on the pH of the reaction solution during the synthesis process. After performing scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and other analytical tests, the optimal synthesis pH of lead iodide for the organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells is 2. Within a certain range, the pH value, dropping speed, and solution concentration of the reaction solution do not affect the microscopic morphology of lead iodide and its solubility in DMF. Simultaneously, results indicate that the recrystallization, thermal reaction, and low dropping speed reaction conditions led to the preferential growth of lead iodide on the(001)surface.
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Key words:
- perovskite solar cells /
- lead iodide /
- dimethylformamide /
- solubility /
- preparation process
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圖 2 試樣1~14(001)晶面衍射峰強度對比圖
Figure 2. (001)crystal plane diffraction peak intensity comparison of Samples 1-14
圖 5 試樣1~4和試樣14的X射線光電子能譜中O 1s分峰擬合圖譜
Figure 5. XPS O1s sub-peak fitting maps of Samples 1-4 and 14
圖 8 試樣1~14制備的鈣鈦礦太陽能電池平均轉換效率
Figure 8. Average efficiency of perovskite solar cells prepared with Samples 1-14
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