基于動力學監測指標的崩塌早期預警研究進展

杜巖; 謝謨文; 蔣宇靜; 劉衛南; 劉日成; 劉秋強

doi:10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2019.04.002

基于動力學監測指標的崩塌早期預警研究進展

doi: 10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2019.04.002

杜巖^{1, 2},
謝謨文^1, ,,
蔣宇靜^{2, 3},
劉衛南¹,
劉日成²,
劉秋強⁴

1.
北京科技大學城市地下空間工程北京市重點實驗室, 北京 100083
2.
長崎大學工學研究科, 長崎 852-8521
3.
山東科技大學礦山災害預防控制省部共建國家重點實驗室培育基地, 青島 266590
4.
中國地質環境監測院, 北京 100081

基金項目:

國家重點研發計劃資助項目 2018YFE0101100

國家自然科學基金資助項目 41702371

國家自然科學基金資助項目 41572274

中國博士后科學基金資助項目 2016M591078

中央高校基本科研業務資助項目 FRF-TP-16-014A1

詳細信息

通訊作者:
謝謨文, E-mail: mowenxie@ustb.edu.cn

中圖分類號: TG142.71
計量
- 文章訪問數: 1265
- HTML全文瀏覽量: 646
- PDF下載量: 69
- 被引次數: 0
出版歷程
- 收稿日期: 2018-09-05
- 刊出日期: 2019-04-15

Research progress on dynamic monitoring index for early warning of rock collapse

DU Yan^{1, 2},
XIE Mo-wen^{1
, ,},
JIANG Yu-jing^{2, 3},
LIU Wei-nan¹,
LIU Ri-cheng²,
LIU Qiu-qiang⁴

1.
Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Underground Space Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
2.
Graduate School of Engineering, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
3.
State Key Laboratory of Mining Disaster Prevention and Control, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China
4.
China Institute of Geo-Environment Monitoring, Beijing 100081, China

More Information

Corresponding author: XIE Mo-wen, E-mail:mowenxie@ustb.edu.cn

摘要

摘要: 崩塌災害的早期預警一直是巖土工程領域研究的熱點問題之一.傳統的監測預警方法監測指標相對單一, 更多關注于加速破壞前兆的識別, 使得崩塌的早期預警存在諸多困難.本文首先引入動力學監測指標, 對巖土體破壞過程中的動力響應進行綜述, 得出基于固有振動頻率等動力學監測指標可以為危巖體的損傷提供數據支持.隨后基于最新的實驗研究發現動力學監測指標可以有效反應邊坡的物理力學特征的變化, 進而可以實現巖體損傷與穩定性的動態識別和定量判斷.在對國內外現狀進行綜述發現, 基于分離階段破壞前兆識別的巖塊體崩塌災害預警思路, 具有更好的時效性, 是未來崩塌早期預警的發展方向, 同時對崩塌的早期預警指標體系進行展望, 得出基于動力學指標、靜力學指標和環境量指標三位一體的早期監測預警指標體系, 必將在工程監測與災害預警方面發揮更大潛力, 為從事應對崩塌等脆性破壞災害預警預防的研究工作者提供有效參考.
- 崩塌 /
- 早期預警 /
- 動力學監測指標 /
- 分離破壞前兆 /
- 監測預警體系
Abstract: Early warning of rock collapse is one of the hot issues in the field of geotechnical engineering.The traditional monitoring and early warning methods of monitoring indicators are relatively uniform, with more attention being paid to the identification of accelerated damage precursors, which means that the early warning of collapse disasters has many inherent difficulties.In fact, rockblock collapse is caused by the dynamic failure of system instability, so it can be more effective to apply kinetic monitoring indicators to realize more scientific early warnings.In this paper, dynamic monitoring indexes were introduced to summarize the dynamic responses of rock and soil failure processes.A dynamic monitoring index based on natural vibration frequency can provide data for detecting damage in a dangerous rock mass.Based on the latest experimental research, it is concluded that the dynamic monitoring index can effectively reflect changes in physical and mechanical characteristics, and thus, can be used to dynamically and quantitatively analyze the damage and stability of a rock mass.A review of the literature on the current development of this field in China and abroad indicates that the early warning method of rock mass collapse disaster based on precursor failure identification in the detachment phase has better timeliness and will also to prove be more useful in future.Meanwhile, the development of an early warning index system of collapse is forecasted.An early monitoring and early warning index system based on dynamic, static, and environmental quantity indexes has greater potential for effective engineering monitoring and disaster warning.However, this new early warning method and its tripartite early warning indicator system offers a foundation for better responses to rock collapse in high-risk regions, and thus can improve the current passive prevention approach of rock-block monitoring and reduce the casualties and property losses that follow instantaneous rock collapse.This paper provides an effective reference for researchers studying early warning systems and the prevention of brittle damage disasters such as collapse.
- rock collapse /
- early warning /
- kinetic monitoring indicators /
- failure precursor in detachment phase /
- monitoring and early warning system

HTML全文

圖 1 模型示意圖

Figure 1. Schematic of the model

下載: 全尺寸圖片幻燈片

圖 2 簡化實驗模型

Figure 2. Simplified experimental model

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圖 3 實驗模型

Figure 3. Experimental model

下載: 全尺寸圖片幻燈片

圖 4 土質滑坡與崩塌破壞特征對比

Figure 4. Comparison of soil landslide and rock collapse

下載: 全尺寸圖片幻燈片

圖 5 固定預警線指標預警分析^[39]

Figure 5. Safety analysis based on fixed warning line index^[39]

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圖 6 基于頻率的早期預警^[39]

Figure 6. Early warning analysis based on frequency^[39]

下載: 全尺寸圖片幻燈片

表 1 實驗數據誤差分析

Table 1. Analysis of the experimental data error

模型	有效黏結面積/m²	實際折減系數/%	頻率/Hz	計算折減系數/%	誤差/%
1^#	0.048	-	310	-	-
2^#	0.030	62.5	210	67.7	5.2
3^#	0.015	31.3	111	35.4	4.1

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表 2 不同階段的預警效果

Table 2. Warning effects at different stages

階段	穩定階段	分離階段	分離→加速	加速階段	破壞階段
一般持續時間	幾十年	多天	數十秒	數秒	數十毫秒
距破壞時刻	-	10s以遠	10s以遠	10s以內	1s以內
預警時效性	太久	合適	合適	差	差

下載: 導出CSV

259luxu-164

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