楔橫軋成形25CrMo4厚壁空心軸件的不圓度分析

江洋; 王寶雨; 霍元明; 肖星

doi:10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2019.03.012

楔橫軋成形25CrMo4厚壁空心軸件的不圓度分析

doi: 10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2019.03.012

江洋^1, ,,
王寶雨²,
霍元明³,
肖星¹

1.
內蒙古大學交通學院，呼和浩特 010070
2.
北京科技大學機械工程學院，北京 100083
3.
上海工程技術大學機械工程學院，上海 201620

基金項目:

國家自然科學基金資助項目 51375042

內蒙古自然科學基金資助項目 2016BS0501

內蒙古大學高層次人才引進啟動金資助項目 30105-135142

詳細信息

通訊作者:
江洋, E-mail: jiangyang@imu.edu.cn

中圖分類號: TG335.19
計量
- 文章訪問數: 871
- HTML全文瀏覽量: 374
- PDF下載量: 15
- 被引次數: 0
出版歷程
- 收稿日期: 2018-04-24
- 刊出日期: 2019-03-20

Roundness error analysis of 25CrMo4 thick-walled hollow shaft by cross wedge rolling

1.
Transportation Institute, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China
2.
School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
3.
College of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China

More Information

Corresponding author: JIANG Yang, E-mail: jiangyang@imu.edu.cn

摘要

摘要: 機械結構輕量化的主要途徑是在結構上采用空心軸.近年來, 采用楔橫軋帶芯棒軋制空心軸類件的工藝得到了較廣泛的關注.厚壁空心軸類件在楔橫軋軋制過程中易發生“失圓”現象.本文通過熱壓縮實驗研究了25CrMo4合金鋼在楔橫軋變形條件下熱變形行為, 獲得其真應力-應變曲線.在此基礎上, 基于Deform-3D有限元軟件, 建立25CrMo4厚壁空心軸楔橫軋有限元仿真模型, 分析厚壁空心軸楔橫軋成形機理, 研究得出斷面收縮率、成形角、展寬角對軋件不圓度的影響規律: 斷面收縮率增大, 不圓度減小; 成形角增大不圓度減小, 軋制溫度越高減小趨勢越明顯; 展寬角增大不圓度增大, 提高軋制溫度抑制增大趨勢.選取部分工藝參數進行楔橫軋驗證實驗, 對比了有限元仿真結果和實驗結果, 表明有限元仿真模型預測精度較高.
- 25CrMo4 /
- 厚壁空心軸 /
- 楔橫軋 /
- 數值仿真 /
- 不圓度
Abstract: It is important for mechanical structures to be lightweight, and this is mainly realized by using hollow parts in structures. Presently, hollow shaft parts are used in vehicles, machine tools, and other equipment. Traditional hollow shaft parts are mainly manufactured by cutting, die forging, which have low production efficiency and low material utilization. With the increasing demand for hollow shafts, it is necessary to replace traditional processes with an efficient and advanced technology. Cross wedge rolling (CWR) has been widely used to produce shafts because of its advantages of higher productivity, better product quality, and lower material and energy consumption. Manufacturing of hollow shafts using cross wedge rolling with mandrel has received much attention. Phenomenon of roundness error often occurs in the formation of thick-walled hollow shafts using cross wedge rolling. Hot compression tests were conducted to investigate hot deformation behavior of alloy steel 25 CrMo4 in cross wedge rolling forming conditions, and true stress-strain curves were obtained. Based on the results, a finite element (FE) simulation model of cross wedge rolling for thick-walled hollow shafts was established using Deform-3 D, and formation mechanism and effects of area reduction, forming angle, and stretch angle on roundness error were analyzed. The simulation results indicate that the greater the area reduction, the smaller the roundness error; the greater the forming angle, the smaller the roundness error (where decrease in roundness error is facilitated by increasing rolling temperature); and the greater the stretch angle, the greater the roundness error (which is restrained by increasing the rolling temperature).Some process parameters were investigated by verifying the cross wedge rolling experiment, and the experimental results and simulation results were compared. The results show that the prediction accuracy of the FE model is high.
- 25CrMo4 /
- thick-walled hollow shaft /
- cross-wedge rolling /
- numerical simulation /
- roundness error

HTML全文

圖 1 熱壓縮實驗流程與試樣. (a) 實驗流程; (b) 試樣尺寸(單位: mm); (c) 熱壓縮后試樣

Figure 1. Procedure and specimen of hot compression test: (a) test program; (b) dimension of a specimen (unit: mm); (c) specimens by hot com-pression

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圖 2 25CrMo4鋼真應力-應變曲線. (a) 應變速率1 s^-1; (b) 應變速率10 s^-1

Figure 2. True stress-strain curves of 25CrMo4 steel: (a) strain rate 1 s^-1; (b) strain rate 10 s^-1

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圖 3 軋輥、軋件尺寸示意圖

Figure 3. Schematic diagram of die and workpiece

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圖 4 厚壁空心軸楔橫軋有限元仿真模型

Figure 4. Finite element simulation model of cross wedge rolling for thick-walled hollow axle

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圖 5 厚壁空心軸楔橫軋成形過程

Figure 5. Forming procedure of cross wedge rolling for thick-walled hollow axle

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圖 6 成形過程應變分布. (a) 楔入段; (b) 展寬段; (c) 精整段

Figure 6. Effective strain distribution during the formation process: (a) knifing zone; (b) stretching zone; (c) sizing zone

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圖 7 成形過程應力分布. (a) 楔入段; (b) 展寬段; (c) 精整段

Figure 7. Effective stress distribution during the formation process: (a) knifing zone; (b) stretching zone; (c) sizing zone

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圖 8 軋件軋前(a) 和軋后(b) 追蹤點分布

Figure 8. Distribution of trace points on workpiece: (a) before rolling; (b) after rolling

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圖 9 軋件追蹤點徑向(a) 和軸向(b) 位移

Figure 9. Radial (a) and axial displacement (b) of trace points on workpiece

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圖 10 斷面收縮率對不圓度的影響. (a) 影響規律曲線; (b) 特定工況軋件的不圓度對比

Figure 10. Effect of the reduction of section area on roundness error: (a) curve of influence rule; (b) roundness error at different parameters

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圖 11 成形角對不圓度的影響. (a) 影響規律曲線; (b) 特定工況軋件的不圓度對比

Figure 11. Effect of forming angle on roundness error: (a) curve of influence rule; (b) roundness error at different parameters

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圖 12 展寬角對不圓度的影響. (a) 影響規律曲線; (b) 特定工況軋件的不圓度對比

Figure 12. Effect of stretch angle on roundness error: (a) curves of influence rule; (b) roundness error at different parameters

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圖 13 實驗用軋輥

Figure 13. Cross wedge rolling die used in experiment

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圖 14 驗證實驗獲得的軋件. (a) 部分軋件; (b) 軋件縱向剖開視圖

Figure 14. Workpieces obtained from the rolling experiment: (a) part of workpieces; (b) vertical dissection of a workpiece

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表 1 軋制驗證實驗工藝參數

Table 1. Process parameters of the verification rolling experiment

成形角， α/(°)	展寬角， β/(°)	斷面收縮率， ψ/%	軋制溫度， T/℃
50，60	3，4	35，50，65	1050，1100

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表 2 最大尺寸D_max和不圓度e實驗值與仿真值對比

Table 2. Comparison of the D_maxand e values obtained by experiment and simulation

工況	α/ (°)	β/ (°)	Ψ/ %	T/ ℃	最大尺寸，D_max/mm			不圓度，e/mm
工況	α/ (°)	β/ (°)	Ψ/ %	T/ ℃	實驗值	仿真值	相對誤差/%	實驗值	仿真值	相對誤差/%
1	50	3	35	1050	44.13	44.28	0.34	2.63	2.78	5.7
2	50	3	35	1100	43.19	42.77	0.97	1.69	1.27	24.9
3	60	3	35	1050	43.41	43.13	0.64	1.91	1.63	14.7
4	60	3	35	1100	43.20	42.60	1.39	1.70	1.10	35.3
5	50	4	35	1050	45.52	45.60	0.18	4.02	4.10	2.0
6	50	4	35	1100	43.70	43.88	0.41	2.20	2.38	8.2
7	50	4	50	1050	36.75	36.53	0.60	0.11	0.10	9.1
8	50	4	50	1100	36.61	36.52	0.25	0.11	0.08	27.3
9	50	4	65	1050	31.70	31.52	0.57	0.10	0.05	50.0
10	50	4	65	1100	31.60	31.52	0.25	0.05	0.05	0

下載: 導出CSV

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