Detection method of the self-resonating waterjet characteristic based on the flow signal in a pipeline
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摘要: 提出基于管道流體信號的自振射流特性檢測方法, 將壓力傳感器從高壓罐內移至高壓罐外, 布置在高壓罐外的前端管路上, 從而避開高圍壓環境影響; 通過雙壓力傳感器拾取管道流體壓力脈動信號, 并運用信號處理技術有效抑制干擾噪聲, 提高有用信號強度, 準確獲取射流的壓力脈動信息.試驗表明, 管道流體壓力信號的頻譜特征與噴嘴腔內檢測法具有一致性, 且與理論計算較為吻合, 充分表征了射流的壓力振蕩特性; 其聲功率譜與高壓罐內水聽器檢測結果相一致, 較好地表述了射流的空化作用特性.由此認為基于管道流體信號的檢測法用于自振射流特性的檢測是完全可行的, 具有先進性, 為高圍壓下自振射流的研究提供了新手段.Abstract: The self-resonating waterjet has the characteristics of high-frequency pressure oscillation and strong cavitation. Accurately grasping the jet characteristics is a prerequisite for the application research of self-resonating waterjets. The characteristics of the self-resonating waterjet are typically acquired through a test. Traditional test methods primarily include the striking test and signal detection in the nozzle chamber. However, these methods both have the disadvantage of low detection accuracy and the inability to overcome the impact of high ambient pressure. In this article, a detection method for self-resonating waterjet characteristics based on the flow signal in a pipeline was proposed. The pressure sensors were transferred from within the high pressure tank to the outside of the tank and were arranged in the front pipeline outside the tank to avoid the influence of high ambient pressure. Dual-pressure sensors were used to acquire the flow pressure pulse signal, and signal-processing technology was used to effectively suppress noise interference for enhancing the intensity of useful signals and accurately obtaining the pressure fluctuation information of the self-resonating waterjet.The test results show that the spectral characteristics acquired from the flow pressure signal in the pipeline agree with the results obtained from the signal in the chamber and are also consistent with the theoretical calculations. Thus, the pressure oscillation characteristics of the waterjet are fully characterized. Moreover, the acoustic power spectrum obtained from the flow pressure signal in the pipeline is in accordance with the result obtained from the hydrophone in the high pressure tank. Consequently, the cavitation characteristic of the waterjet is well characterized. Therefore, the detection method based on the flow signal in the pipeline is entirely feasible and advanced and provides a new means for the study of the self-resonating waterjet under high ambient pressure.
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Key words:
- self-resonating waterjet /
- flow signal /
- pressure oscillation /
- cavitation /
- detection method
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圖 1 試驗裝置
1—水箱; 2—高壓泵; 3—高頻壓力傳感器A; 4—壓力表; 5—流量計; 6—高頻壓力傳感器B; 7—水聽器; 8—壓力傳感器; 9—高頻壓力傳感器C; 10—風琴管噴嘴; 11—高壓罐; 12—靶盤; 13—數據采集器; 14—計算機; 15—伺服電機; 16—溢流閥; 17—控制臺
Figure 1. Schematic diagram of the test setup
圖 3 壓力信號時域波形(a) 及局部放大的時域波形(b)
Figure 3. Time-domain waveform of the pressure signal (a) and the locally amplified time-domain waveform (b)
圖 4 壓力信號頻譜. (a) 測點2頻譜; (b) 測點4頻譜; (c) 測點2低頻部分頻譜; (d) 測點1頻譜
Figure 4. Spectra of the pressure signal: (a) spectrum at point 2; (b) spectrum at point 4; (c) low frequency spectrum at point 2; (d) spectrum at point 1
圖 5 功率譜密度圖. (a) 測點3水聽器信號; (b) 測點2壓力信號
Figure 5. Power spectral density: (a) hydrophone signal at point 3; (b) pressure signal at point 2
圖 6 壓力信號相關分析波形. (a) 自相關波形; (b) 局部放大的自相關波形; (c) 互相關波形; (d) 局部放大的互相關波形
Figure 6. Correlation analysis waveform of the pressure signal: (a) auto-correlation waveform; (b) locally amplified auto-correlation waveform; (c) cross correlation waveform; (d) locally amplified cross correlation waveform
圖 7 濾波結果. (a) 濾波后時域波形; (b) 濾波后局部放大的時域波形; (c) 濾波后測點2頻譜; (d) 濾波后測點2低頻部分頻譜
Figure 7. Filtering results: (a) filtered time-domain waveform; (b) locally amplified filtered time-domain waveform; (c) filtered spectrum at point 2; (d) filtered low frequency spectrum at point 2
表 1 噴嘴結構參數及固有頻率
Table 1. Organ-pipe nozzle structure and natural frequency
Ds/mm D/mm d/mm L/mm f/kHz 23 10 2 24 14.9 
下載: 導出CSV
表 2 試驗參數及自激頻率
Table 2. Test parameters and self-resonating frequency
v/(m·s-1) a/(m·s-1) fp/Hz Sd fj/kHz 165 1450 6.98 0.12~0.2 9.9~16.5
下載: 導出CSV
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