Effect and mechanisms of sodium carbonate on the auto-carrier flotation of scheelite
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摘要: -10 μm白鎢礦的浮選回收率低, 導致大量白鎢礦損失于尾礦中, 造成資源浪費, 而載體浮選是提高-10 μm白鎢礦回收率的有效方法之一.根據粒級以及粒級組成對白鎢礦浮選的影響, 通過浮選試驗、理論計算和儀器檢測等方法研究了-10 μm細粒級白鎢礦的自載體浮選, 同時研究了載體比例、載體含量和碳酸鈉對白鎢礦自載體浮選的影響.研究結果表明, 油酸鈉為捕收劑時, 在合適的載體粒度和載體比例下, 自載體浮選是提高-10 μm白鎢礦回收率的有效方法, 碳酸鈉可強化白鎢礦的自載體浮選, 擴大載體比例和載體粒度范圍.機理研究表明, 白鎢礦Abstract: Because of the low recovery of -10 μm fine scheelite particles in scheelite flotation, some amount of fine scheelite is lost in the tailing, resulting in the wasting of scheelite resources. It is urgently needed to solve the problems inherent in fine scheelite flotation and explore new processes of fine ores to effectively recover fine scheelite. The carrier flotation has proven to be an effective method of improving the recovery of scheelite by promoting the recovery of fine particles. Based on studies of the effect of particle size and particle fraction on scheelite flotation, the application of auto-carrier flotation in the recovery of -10 μm scheelite using sodium carbonate in both the presence and absence of sodium carbonate were studied. The effect of percentage carrier, particle size of carrier, and sodium carbonate on the auto-carrier flotation of scheelite were also studied through flotation tests, theoretical calculation, and instrument testing. The results indicate that the contents and particle size of coarse particles exert significant influence on auto-carrier flotation. The recovery of fine scheelite with a size of -10 μm is increased by using auto-carrier flotation with the proper carrier percentage and size. The addition of sodium carbonate strengthens the carrier flotation of scheelite and therefore improves the scheelite recovery. Furthermore, the addition of sodium carbonate can also expand the percentage and particle size range of carrier mineral. The results of mechanism studies indicate that there exists interaction among scheelite particles, which results in the adhesion of fine particle to carrier. The hydrophobic force is the main reason that the scheelite particles attracted each other, and the addition of sodium carbonate increases the adsorption of sodium oleate onto the scheelite surface, thereby improving the hydrophobicity of scheelite and the hydrophobic force among scheelite particles. It can be concluded that the auto-carrier flotation of scheelite can be improved by adding sodium carbonate.
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Key words:
- fine scheelite particles /
- auto-carrier flotation /
- sodium carbonate /
- sodium oleate /
- hydrophobic force
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圖 2 pH值對不同粒級白鎢礦回收率的影響
Figure 2. Effect of pH on the flotation recovery of scheelite of different particle sizes
圖 3 粒級以及粒級組成對白鎢礦回收率的影響
Figure 3. Effect of particle size and particle fraction on scheelite flotation
圖 4 碳酸鈉對各粒級白鎢礦回收率的影響
Figure 4. Effect of sodium carbonate on the recovery of scheelite of different sizes
圖 5 碳酸鈉用量對白鎢礦自載體浮選的影響
Figure 5. Effect of sodium carbonate on the auto-carrier flotation of scheelite
圖 6 不同載體比例下碳酸鈉對白鎢礦回收率的影響
Figure 6. Effect of sodium carbonate on scheelite flotation with different carrier percentages
圖 7 載體粒度對白鎢礦回收率的影響
Figure 7. Effect of particle size of carrier on the scheelite flotation
圖 8 礦物與藥劑作用的ΔG與pH的關系
Figure 8. Relationship of ΔG and pH between the mineral and reagents
圖 9 5 μm白鎢礦與載體顆粒間的勢能曲線
Figure 9. Potential energy curves of interaction between 5 μm size scheelite and carrier
圖 10 碳酸鈉作用后白鎢礦顆粒間的相互作用能的變化量與H的關系
Figure 10. Variable quantity of potential energy between scheelite particles after the addition of sodium carbonate as a funtion of H
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