核電主管道非對稱雙管嘴同時擠壓成形工藝

錢凌云; 王夢琦; 孫朝陽; 王小燦

doi:10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2019.01.014

核電主管道非對稱雙管嘴同時擠壓成形工藝

doi: 10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2019.01.014

錢凌云^{1, 2},
王夢琦^{1, 2},
孫朝陽^{1, 2, ,},
王小燦^{1, 2}

1.
北京科技大學機械工程學院, 北京 100083
2.
金屬輕量化成形制造北京市重點實驗室, 北京 100083

基金項目:

裝備預研教育部聯合基金資助項目 05000012

中央高校基礎科研業務費資助項目 FRF-TP-17-057A1

中央高校基礎科研業務費資助項目 FRF-BD-18-003A

中國博士后科學基金面上資助項目 1175279

詳細信息

通訊作者:
孫朝陽, E-mail: suncy@ustb.edu.cn

中圖分類號: TG376
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- 文章訪問數: 738
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- PDF下載量: 14
- 被引次數: 0
出版歷程
- 收稿日期: 2018-06-12
- 刊出日期: 2019-01-01

Simultaneous extrusion process of primary pipe with two asymmetrical branches

QIAN Ling-yun^{1, 2},
WANG Meng-qi^{1, 2},
SUN Chao-yang^{1, 2
, ,},
WANG Xiao-can^{1, 2}

1.
School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
2.
Beijing Key Laboratory of Lightweight Metal Forming, Beijing 100083, China

More Information

Corresponding author: SUN Chao-yang, E-mail: suncy@ustb.edu.cn

摘要

摘要: 針對AP1000核電主管道側向雙管嘴非對稱分布的特點, 本文在單軸單向壓力機平臺上增加提升油缸的運動作用, 提出雙管嘴同時擠壓成形的新工藝.首先, 分析了雙管嘴同時擠壓成形的工藝原理并建立了可實現同時成形的上頂桿及提升油缸的速度與管嘴尺寸之間的解析關系.其次, 建立雙管嘴同時擠壓成形的有限元模型, 分析了同時擠壓成形方案的可行性及在避免管嘴處材料撕裂缺陷方面的優勢.最后, 從降低成形載荷和關鍵部位晶粒尺寸以及提高組織均勻性的角度, 分析了坯料溫度、擠壓速度和摩擦條件三個重要因素的影響規律, 為實施主管道擠壓成形提供工藝參考.
- 非對稱雙管嘴 /
- 同時擠壓成形 /
- 速度分布 /
- 組織演化 /
- 數值模擬
Abstract: The primary pipe is a critical equipment that ensures the safe operation in a nuclear island, therefore; the primary pipe must have extremely high service performance in complex environments characterized by high pressure, temperature, and/or radiation. In addition, generation Ⅲ AP1000 nuclear power plants require a service life of 60 years, which pose great challenges to traditional manufacturing processes, such as casting and section-forging methods with partial welding. The currently popular free-forging method can enhance the resulting properties, but the repeated heating during multiple passes induce coarse grains, and these coarse grains are difficult to refine at key positions. With the rapid development of extrusion devices and optimized extrusion processes, the hot extrusion approach promises to produce primary pipes using a near-net shaping method. However, the huge size and complex shape of the two asymmetrical branches of the primary pipe brings enormous difficulties to the ordinary extrusion process. In this study, a novel simultaneous extrusion process was proposed, wherein a primary pipe with two asymmetrical branches is produced on a uniaxial extrusion press platform with the additional effect of a moving elevating ram. In this study, the principle underlying the simultaneous formation process was first analyzed with respect to the material flow during the extrusion process. The relations between the top-mandrel speed, lift cylinder speed, and branch size were derived to ensure the conditions necessary for the simultaneous formation of the two branches. Next, a finite element model of the proposed primary pipe extrusion process was constructed and the results verified its feasibility. The superiority of this process in preventing shear fracture at the branch root was evaluated by comparing its formation quality with that of traditional unidirectional extrusion. Finally, the influences of billet temperature, extrusion speed, and friction condition on the formation quality were studied to minimize the deformation load, refine the grain, and improve the homogeneity of the microstructure. The results of this research provide a method for reference and an analytical foundation for further development of practical approaches to the formation of primary pipes.
- two asymmetrical branches of primary pipe /
- simultaneous extrusion /
- velocity distributions /
- microstructure evolution /
- numerical simulation

HTML全文

圖 1 核電主管道1:3縮比件的展直圖(a)和對應的擠壓件圖(b)(單位：mm)

Figure 1. Dimensions of 1:3 scaled non-bending primary pipe (a) and diagram of its extrusion design (b)(unit: mm)

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圖 2 雙管嘴同時擠壓成形的原理示意圖

Figure 2. Schematic diagram of simultaneous formation of two branches

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圖 3 雙管嘴同時擠壓成形的速度分布圖

Figure 3. Velocity profile of simultaneous formation of two branches

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圖 4 主管道尺寸示意圖及管嘴體積的近似計算

Figure 4. Schematic diagram of primary pipe with different dimensions and volume approximations for two branches

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圖 5 主要構件尺寸及有限元模型(單位：mm)

Figure 5. Finite element model and main dimensions(unit: mm)

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圖 6 模擬得到的主管道形狀

Figure 6. Simulated primary pipe

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圖 7 主管道成形的金屬流向示意圖

Figure 7. Simulated velocity distributions of primary pipe

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圖 8 上/下管嘴處P₁點和P₂點的速度分析

Figure 8. Velocities at Points P₁ and P₂

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圖 9 傳統單向擠壓方法和同時擠壓成形方法的速度分布比較. (a)選點示意圖; (b)傳統單向擠壓; (c)同時擠壓成形

Figure 9. Comparisons of velocity variations between traditional uniaxial extrusion and simultaneous extrusion method: (a)points marks; (b)traditional unidirectional extrusion; (c)simultaneous extrusion

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圖 10 q₂點在不同應變ε的微觀組織演變過程. (a)ε=0;(b)ε=0.22;(c)ε=0.63;(d)ε=0.98

Figure 10. Microstructure evolution of Point q₂ at different strains: (a)ε=0;(b)ε=0.22;(c)ε=0.63;(d)ε=0.98

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圖 11 傳統單向擠壓(a)和同時擠壓成形(b)的溫度分布、動態再結晶體積分數和平均晶粒尺寸對比

Figure 11. Comparison of temperature distributions, dynamic recrystallization volume fractions, and average grain sizes of traditional unidirectional extrusion (a) and simultaneous extrusion processes (b)

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圖 12 坯料溫度(a)、擠壓速度(b)和摩擦系數(c)對晶粒尺寸及最大擠壓力的影響

Figure 12. Effects of billet temperature(a), extrusion speed (b), and friction coefficient (c) on grain size and peak extrusion force

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