預制裂隙花崗巖的強度特征與破壞模式試驗

郭奇峰; 武旭; 蔡美峰; 席迅; 任奮華; 苗勝軍

doi:10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2019.01.004

預制裂隙花崗巖的強度特征與破壞模式試驗

doi: 10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2019.01.004

郭奇峰^{1, 2, ,},
武旭^{1, 2},
蔡美峰^{1, 2},
席迅^{1, 2},
任奮華^{1, 2},
苗勝軍^{1, 2}

1.
北京科技大學土木與資源工程學院, 北京 100083
2.
北京科技大學金屬礦山高效開采與安全教育部重點實驗室, 北京 100083

詳細信息

通訊作者:
郭奇峰, E-mail: guoqifeng@ustb.edu.cn

中圖分類號: TU458
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- 文章訪問數: 2490
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- PDF下載量: 61
- 被引次數: 0
出版歷程
- 收稿日期: 2018-07-26
- 刊出日期: 2019-01-01

Experiment on the strength characteristics and failure modes of granite with pre-existing cracks

GUO Qi-feng^{1, 2
, ,},
WU Xu^{1, 2},
CAI Mei-feng^{1, 2},
XI Xun^{1, 2},
REN Fen-hua^{1, 2},
MIAO Sheng-jun^{1, 2}

1.
School of Civil and Resource Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
2.
Key Laboratory of High-Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines(Ministry of Education of China), University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China

More Information

Corresponding author: GUO Qi-feng, E-mail: guoqifeng@ustb.edu.cn

摘要

摘要: 為了探究單軸壓縮條件下裂隙巖石的強度特性、裂紋起裂規律及破壞模式, 采用水刀切割技術預制裂隙花崗巖試件, 利用GAW2000剛性試驗機對單裂隙花崗巖試樣進行單軸壓縮試驗.試驗結果表明: 與完整試樣相比, 裂隙巖石試樣單軸抗壓強度明顯降低, 降低幅度與預制裂隙和外荷載方向的夾角β密切相關, β=75°時, 強度最低, 降幅達到84.5%, 基于最大畸變能準則計算了裂隙花崗巖的峰值抗壓強度與裂隙傾角的關系, 試驗結果與數值解吻合; 裂隙的存在改變了巖石的破壞模式, 裂紋起裂角隨裂隙傾角的增加而單調增大, 巖石試樣的破壞模式由剪切破壞為主轉變為張拉破壞占主導.真實裂隙巖石試樣的力學性質及裂紋起裂特征更準確地揭示了單裂隙花崗巖的強度變化規律和破壞模式, 為巖土工程設計和巷道裂隙圍巖體的支護提供科學依據.
- 預制裂隙花崗巖 /
- 單軸壓縮 /
- 強度特征 /
- 起裂角 /
- 破壞模式
Abstract: Rock masses are typically anisotropic discontinuous materials composed of joints, fractures, and interlayers. Many instability and failure cases in geotechnical engineering have been induced by the expansion and transfixion of cracks in the rock masses. The mechanical properties and fracture characteristics of joints usually determine the bearing capacities and fracture modes of rocks. As such, the investigation of the crack initiation and expansion law, strength, and deformation characteristics of fractured rock masses has great significance. In this study, the rock samples investigated were taken from deep zones in the Sanshandao gold mine, where the surrounding rock masses are fractured and the maintenance costs of deep tunnels are very high. To investigate the mechanical behaviors of fractured rock masses, uniaxial compression experiments were conducted on granite samples with pre-existing cracks. First, cracks were generated in cylindrical rock samples by a water-jet cutter. Then, the rock samples with cracks and intact samples were compressively tested using a rigid testing machine (GAW2000) to determine their strength characteristics, crack initiation rules, and failure modes. The experimental results show that the uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) values of granite samples with pre-existing cracks are lower than those of intact samples, and the extent of the UCS reduction is closely related to β, i.e., the angle between the pre-existing crack and the direction of the external load. When β is 75°, the UCS values of the samples are at their minimum, and the reduction rate reaches 84.5%. These experimental results are in good agreement with the numerical solution of the maximum distortion energy criterion. Pre-existing cracks change the failure modes of rocks. With an increase in the dip angle of a pre-existing crack, the crack initiation angle increases monotonically, and the failure mode of the rock sample changes from shear failure to tensile failure. The mechanical properties and crack initiation characteristics of real-fracture rock samples can more accurately reveal the strength characteristics and failure modes of fissured granite, and thereby provide a scientific basis for the support of fractured rock masses and geotechnical engineering design.
- granite with pre-existing cracks /
- uniaxial compression /
- strength characteristics /
- crack initiation angle /
- failure mode

HTML全文

圖 1 單裂隙花崗巖試件加載示意圖

Figure 1. Sketch of loading force on granite specimen with single crack

下載: 全尺寸圖片幻燈片

圖 2 單裂隙花崗巖試件

Figure 2. Granite specimens with single crack

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圖 3 試樣應力-應變曲線

Figure 3. Stress-strain curves of rock specimens

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圖 4 應力-時間-振鈴計數關系圖. (a) 完整試樣; (b) 圓孔試樣

Figure 4. Relationship between stress, time and ringing counts: (a) intact samples; (b) samples with circular hole

下載: 全尺寸圖片幻燈片

圖 5 完整試樣與含圓孔試樣破裂模式. (a) I-1; (b) I-2; (c) K-1; (d) K-2

Figure 5. Failure patterns of complete and round-hole samples: (a) I-1; (b) I-2; (c) K-1; (d) K-2

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圖 6 起裂角與裂紋傾角的關系

Figure 6. Relation between crack propagation angle and crack angle

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圖 7 f(β)-β-單軸抗壓強度的關系

Figure 7. Relations of crack angle β with f(β) and uniaxial compressive strength

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圖 8 裂隙傾角β與起裂角θ的關系

Figure 8. Relation between θ and crack angle β

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圖 9 不同傾角單裂隙巖石試樣的破裂模式. (a) 完整試樣; (b) β=0°; (c) β=15°; (d) β=30°; (e) β=45°; (f) β=60°; (g) β=75°; (h) β=90°

Figure 9. Failure modes of single-fissured specimens with different inclination angles: (a) intact samples; (b) β=0°; (c) β=15°; (d) β=30°; (e) β=45°; (f) β=60°; (g) β=75°; (h) β=90°

下載: 全尺寸圖片幻燈片

表 1 試樣參數

Table 1. Sample parameters

試樣編號	直徑/mm	高/mm	密度/(g·cm^-3)
I-1	50.20	101.00	2.583
I-2	50.26	100.32	2.595
K-1	50.20	100.00	2.615
K-2	50.10	100.18	2.605

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表 2 單軸壓縮下巖樣力學參數

Table 2. Mechanical parameters of rock specimens under uniaxial compression

試樣編號	單軸抗壓強度/MPa
I-1	121.85
I-2	131.80
K-1	131.19
K-2	129.53

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表 3 不同裂隙傾角的花崗巖試樣強度參數

Table 3. Strength parameters of granite specimens with pre-existing fissures at different angles

裂隙傾角/(°)	平均單軸抗壓強度/MPa
0	116.80
15	98.28
30	79.77
45	44.96
60	44.34
75	25.91
90	39.66

下載: 導出CSV

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