次亞磷酸鹽在電解銅氰廢液同時回收銅和氰過程中的作用

高騰躍; 劉奎仁; 韓慶; 徐濱士

doi:10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2017.03.010

次亞磷酸鹽在電解銅氰廢液同時回收銅和氰過程中的作用

doi: 10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2017.03.010

1) 東北大學冶金學院, 沈陽 110819
2) 裝甲兵工程學院裝備再制造技術國防重點實驗室, 北京 100072

詳細信息

中圖分類號: TF803.27
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出版歷程
- 收稿日期: 2016-05-28

Effect of hypophosphite during the recovery of copper and cyanide from high concentration copper-cyanide wastewater by electrodeposition

1) School of Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
2) National Key Laboratory for Remanufacturing, Academy of Armored Forces Engineering, Beijing 100072, China

摘要

摘要: 以高濃度銅氰溶液為研究對象，通過添加次亞磷酸鹽，進行了高堿條件下電積回收銅與氰化物的研究.研究了次亞磷酸鹽用量、溫度對銅和氰化物沉積過程的影響；利用線性循環伏安、恒電位電解并結合X射線衍射分析陽極沉淀物的物相，分析了陽極反應機理和次亞磷酸鹽抑制氰化物分解的機理；采用電解后余液進行金的氰化浸出實驗.結果表明：次亞磷酸鹽可有效抑制電沉積過程中氰化物的分解，其抑制效果隨溫度升高而增強.電解過程中陽極表面生成的Cu²⁺是造成氰化物分解的主要原因；次亞磷酸鹽通過優先與Cu²⁺發生氧化還原反應從而抑制氰化物的分解.處理后余液對金的氰化浸出無不良影響，通過電解可綜合回收銅氰廢水中金屬與氰化物，處理后廢水可循環利用.
- 廢水處理 /
- 次亞磷酸鹽 /
- 電沉積 /
- 回收
Abstract: The recovery of copper and cyanide from high concentration wastewater was conducted by electrodeposition with high basicity. The effect of hypophosphite dosage and temperature on recycling copper and cyanide from wastewater was investigated. The linear cyclic voltammetry, potentiostatic electrolysis and X-ray diffraction analysis were used to research the anodic reaction and precipitate phase, the mechanisms of cyanide decomposition and hypophosphite inhibition were also analyzed. The experiment of cyanide leaching of gold was done in residual liquid after electrolysis. The results indicate that the damage of cyanide is effectively suppressed by hypophosphite. The inhibitory effect is enhanced gradually with increasing temperature. The Cu²⁺ forming on the anode surface is the main reason to degrade cyanide. Hypophosphite restrains cyanide from degradation by preferential oxidation. The tail liquid has no effect on leaching of gold, and the copper-cyanide wastewater can be comprehensively recovered the valuable metals and cyanide by electrodeposition.
- wastewater treatment /
- hypophosphite /
- electrodeposition /
- recovery

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參考文獻(14)

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