Dynamic optimization of production plans for multi-metal underground mines
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摘要: 為了實現多金屬地下礦山生產計劃編制的動態性和科學有效性,以開采過程中技術經濟要求和空間序列關系為約束條件,以利潤最大化為目標構建多金屬地下礦山生產計劃動態優化模型.模型將采準、切割、爆破、回采和充填過程抽象為基本作業單元并加以模型化處理,將地下開采的均衡性要求和接續性問題轉化為空間約束條件,以開采狀態作為決策變量,構建生產計劃優化的0-1整數規劃模型,并給出基于人工蜂群模型的求解算法.以西藏某銅鉬礦的生產計劃動態編制為應用案例,優化解算出礦山未來3年的生產計劃,并給出礦床開采時序的三維可視化展示.優化結果表明,通過開采區域的動態調整,在有效保證生產連續性的同時,提升了礦山開采的經濟效益.Abstract: In order to realize the dynamic and scientific optimization of production plans for multi-metal underground mines,we convert underground mining processes into a mathematic model constrained by several conditions to meet technical and economic requirements as well as spatial sequence relation,which aims to maximum profits. Operating units including cutting,blasting,mining and filling are treated as a whole process in the model. The underground mining condition of equilibrium and continuity is transformed into a space constraint. Considering the mining state of ore blocks as the decision variable,a model of production planning optimization is constructed by binary integer programming and calculated by an algorithm based on the artificial bee colony model. The optimization model was applied in a multi-metal underground mine in Tibet in southwestern China to optimize the production plan in the next three years which was illustrated by three-dimensional visualization display. The optimal solution indicated that the dynamic adjustment of the mining area could guarantee continuous production and increase the economic benefit of mine exploitation.
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Key words:
- underground mining /
- production planning /
- dynamic optimization /
- mathematical models /
- visualization
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