Hot plasticity and fracture mechanism of the third generation of automobile steel
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摘要: 采用Gleeble-1500熱模擬試驗機,對第三代汽車鋼(TG鋼)在不同的變形溫度下進行了熱拉伸試驗,研究其熱塑性的變化運用光學顯微鏡和掃描電鏡分析了實驗鋼熱變形的斷口形貌及斷裂機理.發現實驗鋼的強度隨溫度的升高而降低,熱塑性曲線分為第Ⅰ脆性區、高溫塑性區和第Ⅲ脆性區三個區域,其中第Ⅲ脆性區存在兩個塑性極小值.在1300~800℃時實驗鋼的組織為奧氏體,斷裂方式為連孔延性斷裂,動態再結晶使韌窩分離前發生了較大的塑性變形,斷口為大而深的韌窩;750℃時實驗鋼沿奧氏體晶界析出鐵素體,斷裂方式為界面斷裂,斷口既存在著鐵素體內聚失效形成的小的孔洞,也存在由于裂紋沿奧氏體晶界擴展形成的石塊狀形貌;650℃由于出現了鐵素體的準解理,實驗鋼的塑性下降,熱塑性曲線再次出現極小值.Abstract: Tensile tests at different temperatures were performed on a Gleeble-1500 hot simulator to investigate the hot plasticity of the third generation of automobile steel (TG steel). The fracture morphology and fracture mechanism were analyzed by optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It is found that the strength of the steel decreases with temperature rise. The curve of hot plasticity consists of three segments:the first brittle zone, the high-temperature plastic zone and the third brittle zone. The curve in the third brittle zone contains two relative minimum points. In the temperature range of 800 to 1300℃, the microstructure of the steel is austenite, and the fracture mode is ductile fracture. Due to dynamic recrystallization, large plastic deformation occurs before the material breaks off, big and deep dimples form on the fracture surface of samples. At 750℃ there is a uneven distribution of ferrite along austenite grain boundaries, the fracture mode is interface fracture, and the fracture surface includes both holes caused by cohesive failure and the part like stones caused by crack enlargement along austenite grain boundaries. The plasticity of the steel at 650℃ deteriorates, and the quasi-cleavage of ferrite leads to a minimal value in the curve of hot plasticity again.
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Key words:
- automobile materials /
- steel /
- plasticity /
- fracture /
- tensile testing
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