Abstract: The space-time distribution of microseismic activities in a mine was analyzed by minimum distance clustering. Combined with mining activities, areas with ground pressure activities were identified effectively. The time series curves of microseismic parameters were established to study the stress and deformation of local surrounding rock and investigate the precursor of rock mass failure. It is found that accumulation areas are isolated and unaffected each others, showing that large-area ground pressure activities will not happen. An abrupt increase of accumulated events number and energy after quiet in the time series curves represents the sudden release of accumulation energy in rock mass, indicating that the stability of surrounding rock deteriorates. Based on the research results and microseismic monitoring technology, a general model was established to study the stability of surrounding rock.