Strain analysis on the superficial surface of skull as intracranial pressure changing
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摘要: 成年人頂部的正常顱內壓平均值約為3.62kPa,顱內壓波動2.5kPa左右時,顱內壓輕度異常;當波動值達到3.5kPa左右時,出現腦震蕩的癥狀;當波動值達到5kPa或更高時,人頭頸部達到危重度傷.本文在顱內壓正常波動值范圍內,通過有限元MSC-PATRAN/NASTRAN軟件分析了顱骨三層復合結構以及顱骨與硬腦膜組成的四層復合結構的表面應力和應變;同時,隨顱內壓變化進行了豬顱骨片,以及模擬人體顱腦真實受力的人顱骨和豬顱骨球冠應變實驗.分析結果表明:當顱內壓輕度異常時顱骨外表面產生的應變約為1.5×10-6,腦部出現腦震蕩的癥狀時顱骨外表面產生的應變約為2.5×10-6,頭頸部達到危重度傷時顱骨外表面產生的應變約為4×10-6.因此,隨顱內壓的變化顱骨外表面的應變是可測的,且在儀器檢測范圍內;本文所提出的微創顱內壓應變電測法是可行的,即在顱骨外表面粘貼應變片,隨顱內壓的變化測顱骨應變,通過計算機進行數據處理獲得顱內壓變化量的方法.與臨床上測量顱內壓時鉆孔或穿刺等方法比較,應變電測顱內壓法對患者造成的損傷很小,屬于微創或無創范圍,具有安全易操作、減少感染、對患者創傷小、可長期測量等特點.Abstract: The average intracranial pressure (ICP) of parietal position for adults is normally about 3.62 kPa. The brain appears to be mild injury as the ICP variation is about 2.5 kPa, moderate injury as the ICP variation is about 3.5 kPa, and severe injury as the ICP variation is about or more than 5 kPa. This paper analyzed the stress and strain on the exterior surface of human skull and the composite structure composed by skull and duramater with the finite-element software MSC-PATRAN/NASTRAN. The experiments were carried out on the strains of porcine skull slices, porcine and human coronal skulls to simulate the actual situation in the human craniocerebra. The results show that the strains of mild injury, moderate injury and severe injury are 1.5×10-6, 2.5×10-6 and 4.0×10-6 respectively. It indicates that the strains on the exterior surface of skull are measurable and all within the range of instrument test. The minitraumatic method to measure ICP is feasible by pasting strain foils on the exterior surface of skull, by which ICP variation can be obtained through the corresponding operation to the strain of skull. Compared with the clinical methods of punching in the skull or puncturing in the spine cord, the strain-electrometric method is safe, simple, minitraumatic, accurate and feasible.
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Key words:
- skull /
- intracranial pressure /
- strain /
- strain-electrometric method /
- finite element method
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