Characterization of heavy metals in fly ash from hazardous waste incinerators
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摘要: 以危險廢物(70%工業廢物+30%醫療廢物)焚燒飛灰為研究對象,探討了飛灰中重金屬污染特性及其主要化學形態、濃度分布規律。初步得出以下結論:危險廢物焚燒飛灰中主要污染重金屬為Cd,Pb,Zn,其數量高于生活垃圾焚燒飛灰數倍,屬于危險廢物;飛灰中主要重金屬以可溶及交換態、殘留態、Fe-Mn氧化物結合態為主要化學形態,其中As,Cr,Cu比較穩定,而Cd,Pb,Zn易溶出進入環境;飛灰中Cd,Cu大體上呈易富集在小顆粒的趨勢,Pb,Zn集中分布在50~125,125~250μm的兩個粒級。Abstract: Fly ash samples from a hazardous waste incinerator burning 70 % industrial wastes and 30 % medical wastes were analyzed for heavy metals. The leaching toxicity, chemical form and concentration distribution of heavy metals were examined. The results suggested that Cd, Pb and Zn were the main heavy metals and the contents of those metals were as several times as those in fly ash from an MSW (municipal solid waste) incinerator. Heavy metals existed as exchangeable, bound to carbonates, metal oxides, organic matters and residual forms. In all heavy metals, Cd, Pb and Zn showed the higher leachability while As, Cr and Cu were more chemically steady. Cd and Cu mainly concentrated on small particles. Pb and Zn were enriched on 50-125μm and 125-250μm particles.
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Key words:
- hazardous wastes /
- fly ash /
- incineration /
- heavy metals
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