Abstract: In order to study the effect of vanadium addition on the microstructure and properties of medium chromium white cast iron, the microstructure and composition of samples made of the cast iron were analyzed by SEM and EDS. The impact energy and Rockwell hardness of the samples were tested. The results indicate that with an increase in vanadium content, the microstructure of medium chromium white cast iron becomes finer and the impact energy values are enhanced. When the mass fraction of vanadium exceeds 4%, a large amount of VC precipitates occur, which make the cast iron have potentially favorable wear resistance.