Research status and prospect of clean and high-value utilization of HyperCoal in China
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摘要: 作為一個煤炭大國，煤炭在我國的能源結構中占據重要地位。然而，煤炭的過度使用不可避免的造成了環境污染和溫室效應等問題。因此發展潔凈煤技術是解決煤炭利用問題的重要方式，對于我國經濟的可持續發展至關重要。HyperCoal（HPC）是通過溶劑萃取技術得到的一種煤衍生物，由于具有低灰、低水、高熱值、高反應性、良好熱塑性、環境友好等特性，在潔凈煤技術中有著重要的應用。基于此，本文指出了目前我國對HPC的應用研究現狀，并詳細闡述了本研究團隊在配煤煉焦和制備石墨電極領域的突破性研究進展。然而，目前HPC在推廣和應用過程中還存在一些問題。在未來，還亟需解決HPC的規模化生產問題，并對HPC的萃取機理和作用機制開展更加深入的研究。Abstract: China is the world’s largest coal-producing country; coal is very important to Chinese energy structure. However, the excess use of coal has caused serious environmental pollution and the greenhouse effect. Therefore, an indispensable way to solve this coal utilization problem is the development of clean coal technology, which is also essential for the sustainable development of China’s economy. HyperCoal (HPC), a coal derivative obtained by solvent extraction with the properties of low ash content, low moisture, high calorific value, high reactivity, good thermoplasticity, and environmental friendliness, has excellent application in clean coal technology. In terms of combustion, HPC can be used as an advanced fuel for fuel cell and chemical cycle combustion for improving combustion efficiency. Regarding gasification and liquefaction, HPC can be used in the integrated coal gasification combined cycle technology to reduce catalyst loss and equipment damage. In terms of coking coal blending, HPC can be used as an additive in the coking process and a binder for hot-pressed coal briquettes, which can increase the strength of coke and replace scarce coking coal resources such as fat and main coking coals. In the preparation of high-grade carbon materials, HPC can be used to prepare the pitch-based carbon fiber, activated carbon, and graphite electrodes, which considerably improves the performance of carbon materials. Therefore, HPC is valuable in the clean and high-value utilization of coal. On this basis, this paper pointed out the current research status of HPC application in China and elaborated the breakthrough with considerable research results of our team concerning coking coal blending and the preparation of crystalline graphite. However, currently, there are still some problems in the spread and the application of HPC. In the future, large-scale production issues need to be urgently solved, and in-depth research on the extraction mechanism and the action mechanism of HPC should be conducted.
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Key words:
- HyperCoal /
- clean coal /
- ash /
- solvent extraction /
- coal derivative
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圖 1 HPC作為燃料用于直接碳燃料電池的工作示意圖
Figure 1. Schematic diagram of direct carbon fuel cell using HPC as fuel
圖 3 HPC用于配煤煉焦的主要技術路線
Figure 3. Main technical routes of HPC utilization for coal blending and coking
圖 6 Bio-HPC的表征結果[47]. （a~f）X射線衍射圖譜及分峰擬合圖；（g~h）微晶堆疊高度Lc與坩堝焦冷強度的關系圖；（i）KL-Raw和Bio-HPC的熱失重速率曲線圖
Figure 6. Characterization results of Bio-HPC[47]: (a?f) XRD patterns and peak-fitting curves; (g?h) relationship between structural parameters and the cold strength of crucible coke; (i) DTG curves of KL-Raw and Bio-HPC
圖 9 EG7的電化學性能[43].（a）循環伏安曲線；（b）不同倍率下的恒電流充放電曲線圖；（c）倍率為2C時的循環性能；（d）倍率性能；（e）電化學阻抗譜；（f）性能對比
Figure 9. Electrochemical performances of EG7[43]: (a) cyclic voltammetry curves; (b) galvanostatic charge-discharge curves of EG7 at different rates; (c) cycling performance and coulombic efficiency at a current rate of 2C; (d) rate capability; (e) electrochemical impedance spectroscopy; (f) comparison of specific capacities reported in the literature and this work
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