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室外大中型壓雪車關鍵技術研究進展及展望

Key technology research and development and prospects for outdoor large- and medium-sized snow groomers

  • 摘要: 2022年北京冬奧會是我國在重要歷史節點舉辦的重大標志性活動,是展現國家形象、振奮民族精神的重要契機. 室外大中型壓雪車是冰雪賽事的主要運營裝備,其綜合性能和制造技術水平不僅是保障賽事順利進行的必要基礎,同時也是我國制造能力、科技實力和國際競爭力等綜合國力的直接體現. 本文梳理了國內外壓雪車的研究現狀,從“需求分析—關鍵技術攻關—裝備研制—應用示范—體系構建”五個層次,開展推進系統、作業系統、整機優化與制造、測試評價四個方面的內容研究,構建室外大中型壓雪車雪道路面高效靜液驅動控制、輕量化履帶可靠性設計、低溫環境下橡膠懸掛設計、壓雪車雪輥可靠性設計、多變環境下壓雪車作業精準控制、壓雪車車架及部件結構輕量化設計、室外大中型壓雪車試驗驗證技術及指標體系七項關鍵技術,國產SG400室外大中型壓雪車裝備高效、精準、環保、可靠,在2022年北京冬奧會與冬殘奧會、2024年第十四屆全國冬季運動會滑雪場得到了應用與推廣,完全滿足國際冰雪賽事對雪道的要求. 最后,展望了壓雪車未來的發展趨勢,以期推動我國大中型壓雪車邁向智能、綠色、環保、高效發展的新階段.

     

    Abstract: The 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics served as a pivotal moment for China, offering a chance to showcase its global image and uplift national pride. A key element of this event was the use of large- and medium-sized snow groomers, which played a crucial role in maintaining optimal conditions for ice and snow sports. These machines not only facilitated the seamless execution of the games but also reflected China’s strength in manufacturing and technology. To meet the growing need for advanced outdoor large- and medium-sized snow groomers, we conducted a thorough review of existing technologies and standards, both locally and abroad. We analyzed challenges such as adapting to different environments, reducing track weight, and ensuring quality control of the body surface. The project systematically addresses the technical challenges in snow groomer propulsion, operating system, overall optimization, manufacturing, testing evaluation, and application. Our goal is to advance the research and development of key components and vehicle technologies to create snow groomers that are highly efficient, reliable, lightweight, and precise. We aim to achieve mass production and establish an effective standard system, reducing China’s reliance of large- and medium-sized snow groomers on foreign imports. Currently, China’s snow groomer industry is still in the starting phase, with a significant gap in design and manufacturing capabilities. Therefore, overcoming the hurdles related to the research and development of key components and vehicle technologies for snow groomers and achieving mass production is an urgent priority. We have conducted research across five levels: demand analysis, key technology research, equipment development, application demonstration, and system construction. This involved focusing on four aspects: promotion system, operation system, whole machine optimization and manufacturing, and testing evaluation. We have explored seven key technologies: high-efficiency static hydraulic drive control for snow road surfaces, lightweight track reliability design, rubber suspension for low-temperature environments, reliability in snow roller vehicles, precise control of snow roller operations in variable environments, lightweight design of snow roller frames and components, and construction of experimental verification technology and indicator system for outdoor large- and medium-sized snow groomers. We have developed the SG400 outdoor large- and medium-sized snow groomer, a model that is efficient, precise, environmentally friendly, and reliable. This snow groomer meets the requirements of international ice and snow events for the track, with performance verified through demonstrations at different ski resorts, such as the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics, Winter Paralympic Games, and the 14th National Winter Games in 2024. Our efforts resulted in a snow groomer that demonstrates not only high efficiency and reliability but is also lightweight and precise in operation. An effective standard system is now in place, marking a significant shift in China’s snow groomer industry from relying on foreign imports to becoming self-sufficient. This achievement is of great practical significance. Looking ahead, the focus is on advancing snow groomer technology in China by promoting intelligent, green, environmentally friendly, and efficient development.

     

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