Abstract: Aqueous zinc-ion batteries have great development and application prospects due to their low cost and environmental friendliness. Vanadium-based materials with layered, three-dimensional open-hole or fast ionic conductor structures are the most promising cathode materials for Zn-ion batteries. How to improve the long-cycle performance of vanadium-based materials is one of the problems to be solved. In this paper, fibrous V2O5 xerogel successfully prepared by a simple method and characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The results show that the prepared material is V2O5·1.6H2O with good crystallinity and grow like sheet fiber. The fibrous V2O5 cathode material showed initial discharge capacity of 388.4 mAhg-1 at constant current of 0.1 A g-1. When the discharge current density is 1 A g-1, it still has 129.7 mAhg-1 after 1000 cycles, nearly no capacity decay. At 0.1，0.2，0.5，1，2 and 3 A?g-1, the fibrous V2O5 xerogel show capacities of 388.4、338.5、282.9、239.1、194.4 and 165.9 mA?g-1, respectively. And the capacity is much higher than that of commercialized V2O5, which only show 279.5、251.0、205.5、174.5、144.6 and 125.1 mA?g-1, respectively at the same discharge current density. The good electrochemical performance mainly attributed to the large layer spacing, combined with the supporting effect of bound water, which makes the material have good structural stability during the cycle, and avoids the degradation of material properties. In addition, the fibrous structure shorten the Zn2+ diffusion path and increase the electronic conductivity also contribute to the enhanced electrochemical performance. The mechanism of charge and discharge process shows that the formation and disappearance of basic zinc sulfate is accompanied by the embedding and removal of zinc ions, and the process is reversible.