埋入式水泥基球形壓電傳感器的制備表征及其在聲發射監測中的應用

代建云; 劉宇; 姜清輝; 李應衛; 馬永力

doi:10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2022.07.13.002

埋入式水泥基球形壓電傳感器的制備表征及其在聲發射監測中的應用

doi: 10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2022.07.13.002

代建云¹,
劉宇²,
姜清輝^1, ,,
李應衛¹,
馬永力^3, ,

1.
武漢大學土木建筑工程學院，武漢 430072
2.
中國電建集團成都勘察設計研究院有限公司，成都 611130
3.
南昌大學工程建設學院，南昌 330031

基金項目: 國家自然科學基金資助項目（51879127）

詳細信息

通訊作者:
姜清輝，E-mail: jqh1972@whu.edu.cn

馬永力，E-mail: ylma@ncu.edu.cn

中圖分類號: TU528
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- 文章訪問數: 316
- HTML全文瀏覽量: 136
- PDF下載量: 65
- 被引次數: 0
出版歷程
- 收稿日期: 2022-07-13
- 網絡出版日期: 2023-01-12
- 刊出日期: 2023-09-25

Preparation and characterization of embedded cement-based spherical piezoelectric sensors and their application in acoustic emission monitoring

DAI Jianyun¹,
LIU Yu²,
JIANG Qinghui^{1
, ,},
LI Yingwei¹,
MA Yongli^{3
, ,}

1.
School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
2.
Chengdu Engineering Corporation Limited, Chengdu 611130, China
3.
School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China

More Information

Corresponding author: JIANG Qinghui, E-mail: jqh1972@whu.edu.cn; MA Yongli, E-mail: ylma@ncu.edu.cn

摘要

摘要: 研究設計、制備以及表征了一種基于球形壓電陶瓷殼的埋入式水泥基壓電聲發射傳感器。相比于傳統的片狀壓電聲發射傳感器只能接收特定方向信號的特點，該水泥基球形壓電傳感器具有全向接收信號的優勢。之后，將該水泥基球形壓電傳感器埋入鋼筋混凝土梁中，對梁試件四點彎加載過程進行了聲發射監測研究。對比分析了水泥基球形壓電傳感器與商業外貼式片狀壓電聲發射傳感器的監測結果，包括聲發射幅值、b值以及分形維數隨加載過程的演化關系。結果表明，相比于商業外貼式聲發射傳感器，水泥基球形壓電傳感器可以取得較好的監測效果，且在結構加載后期對低強度信號具有更高的靈敏度。兩種傳感器采集到的的聲發射信號的b值和分形維數均反映了結構破壞階段的演化，可以將b值和分形維數的持續下降并維持在較低水平作為該鋼筋混凝土梁試件最終破壞的預警標志。此外，相較于純商業聲發射傳感器組成的定位組，該埋入式水泥基球形壓電傳感器所在聲發射定位組捕捉到的破裂點數量大幅提高，有效提高了破裂點定位的準確度與靈敏度。
- 球形壓電陶瓷 /
- 水泥基壓電傳感器 /
- 聲發射監測 /
- 分形維數 /
- 聲發射定位
Abstract: In this study, an embedded cement-based piezoelectric sensor based on a spherical piezoelectric ceramic shell was designed, fabricated, and characterized. Compared with the conventional piezoelectric acoustic emission sensor (PAES), which is based on sheet piezoelectric ceramics and can receive signals only in a specific direction, the novel embedded cement-based spherical piezoelectric sensor (CSPS) has the potential for omnidirectional signal reception. The frequency response range of the embedded CSPS, tested using the pencil-lead break test, is 70–600 kHz, which can meet the requirements of acoustic emission testing of concrete structures. Thus, the four-point bending test of the concrete beam was monitored using the acoustic emission technique. The concrete beams with two failure modes, bending and compression–shear failure, were created. During the four-point bending test, the CSPS embedded into the concrete beams and the commercial PAES externally placed on the surface of the concrete structure were used for acoustic emission monitoring. Data such as acoustic emission amplitude, b-value, and fractal dimension were measured using the embedded CSPS and analyzed and compared using the external commercial PAES. The results showed that the data measured using the embedded CSPS are highly consistent with those measured using the external PAES. Notably, at the late stage of the experiment, the number of low amplitude signals measured using the embedded CSPS was several times higher than that measured using the external PAES, which demonstrates that the sensitivity of the embedded CSPS is better than that of the external commercial PAES. Furthermore, the curve of the b-value and fractal dimension of the two kinds of sensors (the embedded CSPS and the external PAES) showed evident phased characteristics in different loading stages. In the bending failure test of the concrete beam, the trend of the curve of the fractal dimension can be divided into three stages, which correspond to the three stages of bending failure. Moreover, when the b-value keeps decreasing and becomes stable at a low level, it indicates that the concrete beam has entered the final yield failure stage. Furthermore, the transformation of each failure stage is accompanied by a sudden increase in energy. In the compression–shear failure test of the concrete beam, the steep drop in the b-value and fractal dimension indicates the development and connection of large fractures. Therefore, these indices dynamically reflect the evolution of structural damage and can be used as an early warning index for the final failure of the concrete beam. Compared with the acoustic emission location results calculated by the commercial PAES, the number of acoustic emission location results calculated using the embedded CSPS was greatly increased, which effectively improved the accuracy and sensitivity of damage location analysis.
- spherical piezoelectric ceramic shell /
- cement-based piezoelectric sensor /
- acoustic emission monitoring /
- fractal dimension /
- acoustic emission location

HTML全文

圖 1 壓電陶瓷工作示意圖. (a)片狀壓電陶瓷; (b)球形壓電陶瓷殼

Figure 1. Piezoelectric ceramic working schematic: (a) piezoelectric ceramic sheet; (b) spherical piezoceramic shell

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圖 2 水泥基球形壓電傳感器. (a)示意圖；(b)實物圖

Figure 2. Cement-based spherical piezoceramic shell AE(Acoustic emission) sensor: (a) schematic diagram; (b) physical map

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圖 3 時域和頻域信號. (a)傳統傳感器時域信號；(b)傳統傳感器頻域信號；(c)球形壓電傳感器時域信號；(d)球形壓電傳感器頻域信號

Figure 3. Time and frequency response: (a) time domain signal of the traditional sensor; (b) frequency domain signal of the traditional sensor; (c) time domain signal of the spherical piezoelectric sensor; (d) frequency domain signal of the spherical piezoelectric sensor

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圖 4 配筋圖. (a)梁1; (b)梁2

Figure 4. Reinforcement diagram: (a) Beam 1; (b) Beam 2

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圖 5 預埋球形壓電陶瓷傳感器

Figure 5. Embedded cement-based spherical piezoceramic shell sensor

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圖 6 現場加載圖

Figure 6. Experimental setup

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圖 7 加載示意圖. (a)梁1; (b)梁2

Figure 7. Loading diagram: (a) Beam 1; (b) Beam 2

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圖 8 兩種傳感器幅值分布. (a), (c)球形傳感器；(b), (d)傳統傳感器

Figure 8. Amplitude of two types of sensors: (a), (c) spherical piezoelectric sensor; (b), (d) traditional sensor

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圖 9 兩種傳感器采集到信號數量對比. (a)梁1；(b)梁2

Figure 9. Comparison of the number of signals collected by the two types of sensors: (a) Beam 1; (b) Beam 2

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圖 10 b值與能量變化規律. (a)梁1；(b)梁2

Figure 10. Regulation of b-value and energy of the two beams: (a) Beam 1; (b) Beam 2

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圖 11 關聯維數和累計能量變化規律. (a)梁1；(b)梁2

Figure 11. Regulation of the fractal dimension and cumulative energy of the two beams: (a) Beam 1; (b) Beam 2

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圖 12 兩種傳感器接收信號示意圖. (a)球形; (b)片狀

Figure 12. Schematic of two types of sensors receiving signals: (a) flake sensor; (b) spherical sensor

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圖 13 傳感器布置圖. (a)梁1；(b)梁2

Figure 13. Sensor arrangement: (a) Beam 1; (b) Beam 2

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圖 14 兩種傳感器定位效果對比. (a)梁1傳統傳感器定位圖; (b)梁2傳統傳感器定位; (c)梁1球形壓電傳感器定位; (d)梁2球形壓電傳感器定位圖; (e)梁1最終破壞; (f)梁2最終破壞

Figure 14. Results of contradistinction of location in the two types of sensors: (a) AEL-1 of Beam 1; (b) AEL-1 of Beam 2; (c) AEL-2 of Beam 1; (d) AEL-2 of Beam 2; (e) final destruction of the Beam 1; (f) final destruction of the Beam 2

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圖 15 DIC監測圖及破壞局部放大圖. (a)梁1最終破壞DIC監測圖; (b)梁1最終破壞局部圖; (c)梁2最終破壞DIC監測圖; (d)梁2最終破壞局部圖

Figure 15. Digital image correlation and partial enlargement of the destruction: (a) DIC of Beam 1; (b) partial enlargement of the destruction of Beam 1; (c) DIC of Beam 2; (d) partial enlargement of the destruction of Beam 2

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