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電磁攪拌對特大方坯結晶器內流場及溫度場影響

Effect of electromagnetic stirring in extra-large billet on the flow field and temperature field

  • 摘要: 以某廠斷面為410 mm × 530 mm的特大方坯結晶器為原型,利用ANSYS有限元軟件建立三維數值模型,研究電磁攪拌對結晶器流場及溫度場的影響。施加電磁攪拌后,鋼液受到徑向電磁力,液面呈現旋轉流動趨勢。結晶器內鋼液最大切向速度隨著電流的增加而增大,隨著頻率的增加而減小。電磁攪拌的電流大小由0 增加到500 A時,液面波動由1.21 mm增加到4.35 mm。電磁攪拌能夠使鋼水的高溫區局限于連鑄結晶器上部,鋼水溫度更加均勻。同時鋼液的水平旋流能夠抑制初生坯殼的生長,降低坯殼的生長速度,使結晶器出口處坯殼厚度變薄。綜合分析,該廠在實際生產時合理的電磁攪拌的電流大小應為400 A,頻率為1.5 Hz,此時鋼渣液面波動約為2.73 mm,溫度場較為均勻。

     

    Abstract: As the “heart” of continuous caster, the flow field of mold directly affects the quality of the slab. For a billet caster, in-mold electromagnetic stirring (M-EMS), as its necessary configuration, can improve the flow field in the mold, homogenize the liquid steel temperature, improve segregation, and improve the slab quality. This paper utilized a 410 mm × 530 mm large billet caster in a factory, which is one of the largest section casters in China. Based on it, a three-dimensional numerical model was established using the ANSYS finite element software to study the influence of electromagnetic stirring on the flow field, liquid level fluctuation, and temperature field of the mold. After electromagnetic stirring was applied, the liquid steel was subjected to a radial electromagnetic force, and the liquid surface shows a rotating flow trend. The maximum tangential velocity of molten steel increases with the increase of current and decreases with the increase of frequency. When the current of electromagnetic stirring increases from 0 A to 500 A, the fluctuation of the liquid level increases from 1.21 mm to 4.35 mm. The maximum tangential velocity of the electromagnetic stirring center increases from 0.02 m?s?1 to 0.21 m?s?1. Electromagnetic stirring can restrain the impact of the high-temperature jet from the nozzle, move the high-temperature zone of molten steel upward, and make the temperature of molten steel more uniform. Under the action of a radial electromagnetic force, the horizontal swirl of liquid steel can inhibit the growth of the primary shell, reduce the growth rate of the shell, and reduce the thickness of the shell out of the mold by about 2.3 mm. The comprehensive analysis shows that the reasonable current of electromagnetic stirring is 400 A and the frequency is 1.5 Hz. At this time, the fluctuation of the slag level is about 2.73 mm, and the temperature field is relatively uniform.

     

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