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基于氮化鈦–石墨烯的傳感器對多巴胺和尿酸的電化學檢測

Electrochemical detection of dopamine and uric acid using a titanium nitride-graphene composite sensor

  • 摘要: 采用水熱法和還原氮化法合成了菊花狀形貌的氮化鈦(TiN)納米材料,并將其與還原氧化石墨烯(rGO)水熱復合制備了氮化鈦–還原氧化石墨烯(TiN-rGO)復合材料。利用掃描電鏡、X射線衍射、X射線光電子能譜等測試方法對材料的形貌和物相進行了表征和分析。結果表明,TiN-rGO復合材料很好地保持了TiN菊花狀的三維結構和rGO透明褶皺的形貌,且層狀的rGO均勻地包覆在了菊花狀的TiN的周圍。用TiN-rGO復合材料修飾玻碳電極(GCE)制得了TiN-rGO/GCE電化學傳感器,用于測定人體中的生物小分子DA和UA。由于復合材料中TiN和rGO的協同效應,構建的電化學傳感器表現出了優秀的電化學性能。檢測結果表明:TiN-rGO/GCE傳感器對DA和UA的檢測限分別為0.11和0.12 μmol·L?1,線性范圍分別為0.5~210 μmol·L?1和5~350 μmol·L?1,且具有良好的抗干擾性、重現性和穩定性,且成功應用于人體內真實樣品的DA和UA檢測。

     

    Abstract: Dopamine (DA) and uric acid (UA) are small biological molecules involved in many important processes in the human body. Their concentrations are closely related to human health. Abnormal concentrations of these molecules lead to various diseases, such as Parkinson's and gout, so monitoring of DA and UA in blood and urine, respectively, is very meaningful in clinical analysis. Electrochemical sensor detection is a widely-used method in the field of biological analysis owing to its advantages of simple operation, high sensitivity, low cost, environmental friendliness, etc. In this paper, titanium nitride (TiN) nanomaterial with chrysanthemum morphology was synthesized by hydrothermal and reduction nitridation methods toward preparation of an effective electrochemical sensor for human testing. It was further combined with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) through the hydrothermal method to form a titanium nitride-reduced graphene oxide (TiN-rGO) composite material. The phase and morphology of the material were characterized and analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and other test methods. The results show that the TiN-rGO composite material maintaines the three-dimensional chrysanthemum-like morphology of TiN, and the transparent and wrinkled morphology of rGO. The chrysanthemum-like TiN is uniformly coated with the layered rGO. The TiN-rGO/GCE electrochemical sensor was then prepared by modifying the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) with TiN-rGO composite material for the determination DA and UA levels in the human body. Due to the synergistic effect of TiN and rGO in the composite, the constructed electrochemical sensor exhibits excellent electrochemical performance. The detection results show that the detection limits of DA and UA for the TiN-rGO/GCE electrochemical sensor are 0.11 and 0.12 μmol·L?1, respectively, and the linear ranges are 0.5?210 μmol·L?1 and 5?350 μmol·L?1, respectively. TiN-rGO/GCE electrochemical sensor also has good anti-interference, reproducibility and stability, and has been successfully applied in the detection of DA and UA in real human samples.

     

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