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工藝參數對連續流化床內鐵礦粉還原效果的影響

Influence of technical parameters on reducing efficiency of iron ore fine in continuous fluidized bed

  • 摘要: 為了研究工藝參數對連續流化床內鐵礦粉還原效果的影響規律,建立了兩級連續流化床內氧化鐵還原及煤氣氧化耦合動力學模型.R1級流化床主要為FeO的還原,采用優質煤氣作為還原劑,FeO來自R2級反應器;R2級流化床主要將Fe2O3還原到FeO,Fe2O3來自預熱的R3流化床反應器,還原氣來自R1還原尾氣.模型主要計算結果與文獻吻合.并以此為模型研究了礦粉粒度、流化床內壓力等參數對流化床還原效果的影響.為了取得礦粉平均金屬化率不小于85%、煤氣利用率不低于38%和氣礦比950~1050 m3·t-1的還原效果,流化床應滿足如下工藝條件:礦粉平均粒度1.5 mm以下,流化床溫度780~800℃,煤氣還原勢不低于93%,惰性氣體體積分數小于5%,R1流化床內煤氣平均壓力3.5×105~4.0×105 Pa,停留時間的倒數ug/H=1.0~1.1 s-1,R1流化床礦粉平均停留時間30 min,R2流化床礦粉平均停留時間20 min.

     

    Abstract: Preheating and reduction of iron ore fine in a multi-stage continuous fluidized bed (FB), which can improve gas utilization, heat efficiency and decrease production cost of hot metal, is a development direction for ore fine reduction with gas as a reductant. Multi-stage FBs coupled with a gasifier for producing hot metal have been successfully industrialized in Southern Korea. However, progress of FBs for iron ore reduction is slow in China. The reduction fraction and utilization ratio of gas are two important parameters for the iron reduction process. The key to feasible estimation of new technologies and design of parameters in the reduction process and reactors is understanding the influence of various parameters. As a result, the coupling kinetic model of iron oxide reduction and reducing gas oxidation in two-stage FB was established to investigate the influence of technical parameters on reducing the efficiency of iron ore fine in a continuous FB. FeO, which comes from a R2 FB, is reduced in a R1 FB using qualified gas as a reducing gas. Fe2O3, which comes from R3 preheating of a FB, is reduced to FeO in R2 FB using off-gas from a R1 FB. The results are in a good accordance with literature data. The influence of parameters, such as the size of the ore fine and pressure in the FB, on reducing efficiency was investigated according with this model. For the reduction results to be ≥ 85% metallization ratio, ≥ 38% gas utilization rate and 950~1050 m3·t-1 ratio of gas flow to ore mass, the technological conditions are an average ore fine size less than 1.5 mm, FB temperature of 780~800℃, gas reduction potential greater than 93%, volume fraction of inert gas less than 5% average pressure of 3.5×105~4.0×105 Pa, the reciprocal of standing time ug/H of 1.0~1.1 s-1, average retention time in R1 FB of 30 min and average retention time in R2 FB of 20 min.

     

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