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超低碳鋼連鑄坯鉤狀坯殼的演變與夾雜物的捕集

Hook evolution and inclusion entrapment of ultralow-carbon steel slabs

  • 摘要: 超低碳鋼常用于生產汽車面板等表面質量要求較高的產品.連鑄坯皮下的鉤狀坯殼很容易捕集夾雜物導致冷軋鋼板表面出現翹皮、亮/暗線等缺陷,對產品質量具有嚴重危害.采用數值模擬分析了鉤狀坯殼的形成和演變過程.將計算的初生坯殼形狀制作成物理模型,模擬了夾雜物在凝固前沿被捕集的過程,并對凝固鉤區域不同位置的夾雜物的受力特征進行了分析.結果表明,凝固鉤在彎月面中形成以后,不會直接湮沒進坯殼內,而是要經歷熔化、變粗、生長、湮沒等逐步演變的過程.數值模型預測拉速1.3 m·min-1條件下最終存留在坯殼中的凝固鉤深度約為2.5 mm,這與實際觀察到的鉤狀坯殼的尺寸基本一致.模擬得到的鉤狀坯殼形貌與鑄坯表層和漏鋼坯殼的金相特征較為接近.夾雜物最容易在凝固鉤下表面被捕集,不容易在凝固鉤上表面被捕集,特別是對尺寸相對較大的夾雜物.但是溢流發生時,靠近彎月面處的夾雜物可能隨著鋼流進入到初生凝固鉤上部而被快速冷卻的鋼液包裹.兩道凝固鉤之間的坯殼由于其凝固前沿處于垂直分布,小于100 μm夾雜物可能被捕集而大尺寸夾雜物不易被捕集.

     

    Abstract: Ultralow-carbon (ULC) steel slabs are usually used for manufacturing high surface quality products such as automobile panel. Severe hooks in the subsurfaces of ultralow-carbon steel slabs usually degrade the surface quality of slab because of inclusions entrapment, which results in unacceptable sliver and blister defects on the surface of the final cold-rolled strip products. The hook formation and evolution process during the initial solidification of a continuous casting slab were studied through numerical modelling. A physical model based on the numerical simulation results was constructed to simulate the process of inclusion entrapment near the hook region, and the forces of inclusions in different positions of the solidified hook region were analyzed. The results demonstrate that following formation, the hook is not immediately buried in the shell; it sustained several stages such as melting, coarsening, growing, and burying. It is predicted that the final hook depth, as buried in the shell, is 2.5 mm when the casting speed is 1.3 m·min-1, which is basically the same as the actual size of the hooked shell observed by a metallographic experiment. The calculated shape of the shell inner face with hooks is similar to morphologies of the slab surface region and breakout shell. The results of physical simulation and force analysis show that inclusions are most likely to be caught by the lower face of the solidified hooks, but they are more difficult to be entrapped by the upper face of the hook, especially for large-size inclusions. However, when overflow occurs, the inclusions near the me-niscus may be wrapped by the rapidly cooled molten steel above the primary hook. In the vertical shell between the two adjacent hooks, small-size inclusions (less than 100 μm) may be wrapped by the solidified front, but large-size inclusions are difficult to be wrapped.

     

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