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鈦合金擠壓用含NaCl新型玻璃潤滑劑的黏-溫特性、熱腐蝕及熱障性能

Viscosity-temperature characteristics, hot corrosion, and thermal barrier properties of new glass lubricants containing NaCl for the extrusion of titanium alloys

  • 摘要: 以提高鈦合金熱擠壓潤滑效果為目的,研究了一種以磷酸鹽玻璃、SiO2和NaCl為主要組成的新型玻璃潤滑劑,通過模擬擠壓實驗、掃描電子顯微鏡以及換熱系數測量裝置,重點分析了不同組成比潤滑劑的黏度-溫度曲線、高溫下潤滑劑對鈦合金的腐蝕作用、潤滑條件下鈦合金與模具鋼之間的換熱特征.結果表明,磷酸鹽玻璃、SiO2和NaCl的質量比為70:20:10的潤滑劑,在600~900℃之間的黏度變化幅度較小,為1.3×105~9.4×105 Pa·s,有利于提高鈦合金擠壓潤滑效果.950℃下潤滑劑與鈦合金的接觸時間不超過3 min時,潤滑劑對鈦合金坯料表面的高溫腐蝕作用很小,且具有消除坯料表面原有氧化層的作用;但隨高溫接觸時間的延長,鈦合金表面的高溫腐蝕程度逐漸增大.當TA15鈦合金和H13模具鋼的初始溫度分別為900和400℃、新型潤滑劑最終厚度約0.1 mm時,鈦合金和模具鋼之間的界面換熱系數隨實驗時間的延長由185增加到1714W·m-2·s-1,而傳統鈦合金熱擠壓用硅酸鹽玻璃潤滑劑為286~2025 W·m-2·s-1,表明新型玻璃潤滑劑具有較好的高溫熱障性能.

     

    Abstract: To improve lubrication during the hot extrusion of titanium alloys, a new type of glass lubricant based on phosphate glass, SiO2, and NaCl was prepared. The viscosity-temperature curve of the lubricant with different composition ratios was determined from an extrusion experiment. Corrosion by the lubricant of a titanium alloy under high temperature was analyzed via scanning electron microscope. The heat transfer characteristics between the titanium alloy and die steel was studied using heat transfer coefficient measurement equipment. The results show that the viscosity of the glass lubricant, with a mass ratio of phosphate, SiO2, and NaCl of 70:20:10, varies slightly between 600℃ and 900℃, ranging from 1.3×105 to 9.4×105 Pa·s. This is beneficial to improvements in the extrusion and lubrication of titanium alloys. When the contact time between the new glass lubricant and the titanium alloy is not more than 3 min at 950℃, the new glass lubricant shows little corrosion on the surface of the titanium alloy, and serves the function of removing the original oxide layer on the alloy surface. High-temperature corrosion of the titanium alloy surface increases gradually with an increase in contact time. When the initial temperatures of the TA15 titanium alloy and H13 die steel are 900 and 400℃ respectively and the final thickness of the new glass lubricant is approximately 0.1 mm, the heat transfer coefficient between the titanium alloy and die steel increases from 185 to 1714 W·m-2·s-1 with an increase in contact time. In a traditional silicate glass lubricant, used in the hot extrusion of titanium alloys, the heat transfer coefficient increases from 286 to 2025 W·m-2·s-1. This demonstrates that the proposed glass lubricant exhibits better thermal barrier properties at high temperatures than the traditional one.

     

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