能量均衡的間斷連接無線網絡數據轉發策略
Data forwarding strategy for wireless network with intermittent connectivity based on energy equilibrium
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摘要: 針對間斷連接無線網絡中節點負載不均衡和能量資源受限的問題,提出了一種能量有效的數據轉發策略.該策略根據網絡運行的歷史相遇信息,充分考慮網絡特性,以分布式方式估計節點的活躍度、剩余能量和數據轉發率,準確地估計節點效用值,感知網絡節點的服務能力,以帕累托最優作為自適應選擇最佳下一跳中繼節點的理論依據,執行數據轉發操作,有效地解決了由于節點自私性所導致的網絡性能下降.數值結果表明,與其他能量管理機制相比,所提出的機制能夠均衡網絡節點負載,有效解決網絡"熱點"問題,延長網絡生存時間,使投遞率、時延等系統性能都得到大幅度提升.Abstract: A suitable energy management mechanism for a wireless network with intermittent connectivity was proposed to deal with unbalanced load and limited energy resources of nodes. According to the historical information, the active degree, residual energy and data forwarding rate of nodes were estimated in a distributed way. In addition, the node utility was effectively estimated by fully considering network features. Furthermore, the proposed mechanism employs the serviceability differences of nodes and the Pareto optimal theory to choose the best next-hop relay node adaptively. The data forwarding operation was executed. Thus the network performance degradation caused by selfish nodes was prevented effectively. The simulation results show that the proposed mechanism can not only balance the load on nodes and solve the problem of network "hotspots", but also prolong network lifetime and improve its delivery rate and delay performance greatly compared to other energy management mechanisms.