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低碳鋼在濕熱工業海洋大氣中的腐蝕特征

Corrosion characteristics of low-carbon steel in hot and humid industrial-marine atmosphere

  • 摘要: 以0.1 mol·L-1NaCl+0.01 mol·L-1 NaHSO3溶液為腐蝕介質,采用干/濕周浸加速腐蝕實驗、腐蝕失重、X射線衍射、掃描電鏡和能譜分析等方法,研究了濕熱工業海洋大氣中低碳鋼的腐蝕行為.結果表明:實驗鋼的腐蝕過程均遵循冪函數d=Atn分布規律,鋼種不同,常系數A、n的值不同;腐蝕產物主要由非晶物質和少量Fe3O4、α-FeOOH、β-FeOOH、γ-FeOOH晶體組成.所得銹層可分為主體銹層和界面疏松帶兩部分,由內至外銹層中Fe、O含量梯度變化很小.Cl-、SO2與水分的長期協同作用會導致內銹層結構變差,而添加穩定性或耐蝕性較高的元素可以改善銹層質量,進而增強鋼材的耐腐蝕性能.

     

    Abstract: The corrosion behavior of low-carbon steel was investigated in a simulated hot and humid industrial-marine atmosphere by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy with X-ray microanalysis (SEM-EDS), mass loss, and a wet/dry alternate immersion corrosion test using a 0.1 mol·L-1 NaCl+0.01 mol·L-1 NaHSO3 solution. The results indicate that the corrosion processes of the experimental steels agree well with the d=Atn power function, with different steels having different values of A and n. The corrosion products are mainly in the amorphous phase and contain a small amount of Fe3O4, α-FeOOH, β-FeOOH, and γ-FeOOH crystals. It can be found that the rust layers have two parts-the body of the rust layer and a loose interface band. The Fe and O content gradients in the rust layer, from inner to outer, change very little. It can be concluded that the long-term interaction of Cl-, SO2 and H2O will lead to the deterioration of the inner structure. However, the addition of elements with high stability or corrosion resistance can improve the stability and density of the rust layer, and thereby enhance the corrosion resistance of the steels.

     

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