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深層碎屑巖含油氣儲層發育特征

Geological features of siliciclastic reservoirs in deep petroleum accumulations

  • 摘要: 基于深層油氣藏的最新數據,對世界范圍內深層碎屑巖油氣藏富集規律及儲層發育特征進行了統計分析.中南美和北美(不包括美國本土48州)深層碎屑巖發現的油氣探明和控制(2P)可采儲量最多,其中北美發現的石油2P可采儲量最多,而中南美發現的天然氣和凝析油2P可采儲量最多.全球深層碎屑巖油氣最富集的六大盆地依次為墨西哥灣、東委內瑞拉、阿拉伯、南里海、塔里木和圣克魯斯-塔里哈盆地.在深層條件下,盡管儲層通常表現為物性整體差,但仍可發育優質儲層.深層油氣勘探應立足于對‘甜點’的預測,重點考慮顆粒薄膜、孔隙流體超壓和鹽巖發育對深層砂巖儲層原生孔隙的保存作用.

     

    Abstract: Based on the latest data of deep petroleum accumulations,this study aims at documenting distribution patterns and geological features of global siliciclastic reservoirs. Central South America and North America(excluding the Lower 48 States) host the largest shares of the total proved and probable(2P) oil and gas reserves in deep siliciclastic rocks. North America contains the bulk of 2P oil reserves in deep siliciclastic rocks,whereas Central South America has the lion's share of gas and condensate reserves. Of all deep petroliferous basins with siliciclastic reservoirs,the 6 most prolific basins are the Gulf of Mexico,East Venezuela,Arabian,South Caspian,Tarim and Santa Cruz-Tarija Basins. Deep siliciclastic reservoirs are generally characterized by poor petrophysics. It is fair to say,however,that high-quality sandstone reservoirs could be developed under favorable geological conditions at deep burials.The key of deep petroleum exploration is the better delineation of "Sweet Spots" in deep layers where grain coatings,fluid overpressure and/or well-developed salts might have preserved the considerable portion of original primary porosity.

     

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