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染料敏化太陽能電池中多孔電極制備及性能

Preparation and performance of porous electrodes for dye-sensitized solar cells

  • 摘要: 將噴涂法應用于制備染料敏化太陽能電池光陽極,具有漿料制備簡單、易操作、成本低廉等優勢.本文以鈦酸丁酯和P25為原料配制漿料,采用噴涂法制備二氧化鈦薄膜,選擇乙二醇作為造孔劑,探索了乙二醇的最佳加入量.通過對電池I-V曲線,二氧化鈦薄膜表面粗糙度、染料吸附量和漫反射譜,以及光陽極的掃描電鏡照片和交流阻抗圖譜的分析,得到如下結果:當乙二醇與鈦酸丁酯的體積比為1:1時,二氧化鈦薄膜的粗糙度最大,即孔隙率和比表面積最大,因此染料吸附量達到1.47×10-7mol·cm-2,電池性能最好,其中開路電壓為0.69 V,短路電流為13.0 mA·cm-2,光電轉化效率達到5.38%,比不加造孔劑時增加了將近1倍,此時電子的擴散轉移電阻也最小.

     

    Abstract: The spraying method, by which slurry preparation is simple, easy to operate and low cost, was applied to prepare photo-anodes for dye-sensitized solar cells. Nano-TiO2 thin films were prepared by a colloidal spray coating technique, and the spraying slurry mainly included tetra-n-butyl titanate (TBT) and P25. Ethylene glycol (EG) was selected as a pore-forming agent to investigate its optimum addition. Through analyzing the I-V curves of the cells, the roughness, dye adsorption amount and diffuse reflection spectra of the thin films, and the scanning electron microscopy images and electrochemical impedance spectra of the photo-anodes, we draw the following conclusions. When the ratio of EG to TBT is 1:1 by volume, the thin film reaches the largest surface area, the dye adsorption amount is 1.47×10-7 mol·cm-2, and the cell has the best performance with the open-circuit voltage of 0.69 V, the short circuit current of 13.0 mA·cm-2, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of 5.38%. The photoelectric conversion efficiency is nearly two times that without the pore-forming agent, and now the electron transfer resistance is the least.

     

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