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碳納米管增強鋁基復合材料的力學和物理性能

Mechanical and physical properties of carbon nanotube reinforced aluminum matrix composites

  • 摘要: 采用磁力攪拌與放電等離子燒結技術制備了碳納米管(CNT)增強鋁基復合材料.對試樣進行了掃描電鏡和透射電鏡表征,測試了試樣的力學性能、摩擦性能、電學性能和熱學性能.當碳納米管在試樣中的質量分數為1%時,可在鋁基體中均勻分布且CNT/Al界面結合良好,此時試樣的抗拉強度和硬度較純A1分別提高了29.4%和15.8%.在獲得最佳力學性能強化和最佳減磨效果的同時.試樣電導率較純Al僅降低8.0%.碳納米管可提高基體的熱導率.但強化效果不明顯.

     

    Abstract: Carbon nanotubes/aluminum (CNT/Al) composites were prepared by magnetic stirring in combination with spark plasma sintering. Their microstructures were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Experiments were performed to investigate the inechanical properties, friction and wear character-istics, electric conductivity and thermal conductivity of CNT-free and CNT-added specimens. It is found that when the mass fraction of CNTs is 1%, CNTs can uniformly disperse within the Al matrix and interracial bonding at the CNT/Al interface is strong. In comparison with the unreintbrced Al specimen, the tensile strength and hardness of the CNT/Al composites increase by 29.4% and 15.8%, respectively. When the CNT/Al composites achieve the optimal mechanical enhancement and antifriction effect, their electrical conductivity only decreases by 8.0% compared with pure Al. The thermal conductivity of pure A1 could be enhanced with the incorporation of CNTs, but this enhancement effect is not obvious.

     

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