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基于移頻技術的短時傅里葉變換階比分析

Order analysis based on FS-STFT and its application to varying speed machinery fault diagnosis

  • 摘要: 提出了一種基于移頻技術的短時傅里葉變換階比分析算法.該算法利用傅里葉變換在頻域的卷積性質,對原始信號在時域乘以e-jfit使fi的頻譜能量搬遷到零頻處,按一定的頻率間隔改變fi就可以在零頻處得到其他頻率的頻譜能量,以此來提高短時傅里葉變換在時頻分析中的頻率分辨率.然后在時頻面上進行局部閾值降噪,同時跟蹤轉速的變化,最終應用到變速機械的階比分析中.與短時傅里葉變換分析結果對比表明,本文方法可以更加準確地跟蹤到實際的轉速.實際降速過程中軸承信號利用本文方法進行階比分析,成功提取到軸承的故障特征頻率.

     

    Abstract: An order analysis method was proposed which utilizes short time Fourier transforms(STFT) based on frequency shift(FS-STFT).In the algorithm,by using the convolution properties of Fourier transforms in the frequency domain,the original signal is multiplied by e-jfit in the time domain,and the spectrum energy of fi is shifted to the position of zero frequency.Other spectrum energies can be got at the position of zero frequency when fi is changed according to a certain frequency interval.As a result,the frequency resolution of STFT is improved in the time-frequency analysis.Then local threshold de-noising was used in the time-frequency domain,and the change of speed signals was tracked.Eventually,the mothod was applied to the order analysis of varying speed machinery.A comparison of analysis results between STFT and FS-STFT shows that the method can track actual speed signals accurately.The order analysis for faulty bearings using the method in the deceleration process also demonstrates that the fault frequency can be extracted successfully.

     

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